Lecture 4 Key Terms

Anatomy and Physiology I

Integument

Skin and its accessory structures

Cutaneous membrane

The skin surface membrane

Accessory structures

Hair, nails, and glands

Epidermis

Outer layer of skin

Dermis

Inner connective tissue layer

Subcutaneous layer

Fatty layer beneath skin

Thin skin

Skin covering most of body

Thick skin

Skin on palms and soles

Keratinocyte

Main epidermal cell

Keratin

Protective protein in skin

Basal cells

Stem cells of epidermis

Stratum basale

Deepest epidermal layer

Stratum spinosum

Layer of spiny cells

Stratum granulosum

Keratinizing layer

Stratum lucidum

Clear layer in thick skin

Stratum corneum

Outer dead cell layer

Epidermal ridges

Fingerprint ridges

Dermal papillae

Dermal projections into epidermis

Papillary layer

Upper dermis layer

Reticular layer

Deep dermis layer

Tactile discs

Touch receptors in skin

Melanocyte

Pigment-producing cell

Melanin

Skin pigment

Carotene

Yellow-orange pigment

Keratohyalin

Protein aiding keratin formation

Keratinization

Process of forming keratin

Insensible perspiration

Unnoticed water loss

Sensible perspiration

Noticeable sweating

Epidermal growth factor (EGF)

Stimulates skin growth

Dermatitis

Skin inflammation

Tension lines

Natural skin fiber patterns

Cutaneous plexus

Deep skin blood network

Subpapillary plexus

Superficial blood network

Hypodermic needle

Needle for deep injection

Subcutaneous injection

Injection into fatty layer

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Sunlight radiation

Cyanosis

Bluish skin from low oxygen

Vitamin D3

Skin-produced vitamin precursor

Calcitriol

Active form of vitamin D

Rickets

Bone disease from vitamin D deficiency

Gland

Structure that produces secretions

Pore

Opening of a gland

Sebum

Oily skin secretion

Sebaceous gland

Oil-producing gland

Sebaceous follicle

Oil gland connected to hair

Sweat gland

Produces sweat

Merocrine (eccrine) gland

Sweat gland for cooling

Apocrine gland

Scent-related sweat gland

Mammary gland

Milk-producing gland

Ceruminous gland

Earwax-producing gland

Cerumen

Earwax