french 2.0

Morisot

The Mother and Sister of the Artist

1869

• also understood in relation to sister Edna Morisot

  • also in connection to her painting from the same year The Artists sister at a window

    • the title of both of these paintings was renamed by large contem[oprary galleries, and were not as Morisot intended them to be viewed, placing them in a personal and domestiv space rather than a context from which she might be self-supportuing and have hired a professional model.

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Morisot

The Artists Sister at a window

1869

• the title of both of these paintings was renamed by large contem[oprary galleries, and were not as Morisot intended them to be viewed, placing them in a personal and domestiv space rather than a context from which she might be self-supportuing and have hired a professional model.

Daumier

Combat of the Schools, Idealism and Realism

1885

key terms related: dichotomy, epistemolgy

• how work like this contributes to the creation and continuation of what we know/don’t know

• is often interpreted as Delacroix vs Ingres, maybe Courbet vs Ingres

• realism vs idealism

  • realist figure is depicted as a sort of lower class country individual, idealist is represented with classic features of the acadamy greco-roman body

Courbet

The Studio

1885

• original title given by Courbet: The painters studio: a real allegory defining a phase of seven years of my life

• artist run exhibition

1855 was also the year that artists could submit as many works as they wanted into the Salon, Courbet submitted 14 works, 11 of which were chosen

• he still wanted to show the three that were rejected, and with his financially privilaged background he decided to advertise and create his own show.

  • he showed 38 paintings and a handful of drawings

• this work was shown at this solo show ititled: the pavillion of realism

  • admission for this show was the same price as the universal expo and the saln

  • this work depicts his real supportersm private patrons and friends all on the rifht side of the painting as “the good peopple” alive and helpful people

  • on the left, he depicts the misery exploitation and trivial side of life. N.B and Fould are also here

• a lot of what we know baout courbet comes from his letters, a very unusal primarry source to have and be able to source together

  • this speaks to the politics of primary source keeping, whos get kept, stoered and treasured, and how you might be able to view the,

    • so we know a lot about how he was feeling about his work getting rejected

      • this rejection, the development of his solo show in response, and the fact that he was not trained in the ecole de beaux arts placed him as an anti-establishment artist

Delacroix’s Corner at the 1855 Expo

• we know from his letters that he was promised hiw own room (like Ingres and Vernet), but we can see that he did in fact not have his room, and got placed in a corner instead

• Delacroix is understood is very much the opposite of ingres

  • Ingres is an academician, whilst delacroix in not. He has a much more visiual approach to painting

Ingres Exhibtion at the Universal Expo of 1855, Paris

Ingres sort of represented the artistic poliics of france

• ingres represents the privilaged academic artists

  • hes an example of the privilaged artists that dont have to submit their work to juries, artists who have won the prix de rome or have been gifted the lgion of honour

• certain artsits are intented to highlight specfic artists

  • they chose ingres

  • he is one of the top academicians of the time, specializing in portraiture, history painting, and allegorical painting

salon style hanging

• clear hierarchy of genres

• strategy used for the politics of french government, and military success

Daumier

Achille Fould

1849

Fould is the minister of state

• this work primarily refers to press censorship, and discussion regarding how it was ossible for the work to be created and published

• 1849 was very open in regards to partial political characatures being published

• important dates 1848, 1859 and 1852

  • 1848: the revolation, all censorship laws were anulled - 6 month laters they reinstitued caution/deposits

  • 1850: deposit, stamp fee, and any political topic had to be signed by the maker - idenitfying the artist

  • 1852: costs increased and includd the possibility of imprisonment as punishment or publication suspension

Aeriel view of the Palace of Industry on Champs-Elysees

1855

colour lithograph

• this building was created specifically for the universal expo of 1855

  • the government didnt pay for it but created a company that would be responisble for the creation of this building

  • was inteded to be an income generating space

    • you have to pay admission to enter, or rent the space

• post 1855- this is where the salon was held every year

• several dozen countries from around the world send their newest technologies

  • the building itself was designed to use some of the most recent materials

    • iron reinforced limestone (like the opera house)

    • they used some of the largest panes of glass that had ever been used at this time

  • the combination and use of limestone is purely aesthetic

• theres still an obvious desire to keep the neo-classical aesthetic

Monet

Maguerite Gaudibert

1868

• this is a title given by Dr.McQueen

  • originally names w/ husbands name

    • women often lose their entire identity in the history of art and naming

• the bonnet and shawl are signs of contemporary fashion - indicating the figure is haute-bourgeiousie

• not a conventional portrait, the facing away classifies it as a lost portrait and is very difficult to capture

• this work is a private comission

  • so this is a sitter, and not a model, this is a patron

• compare to the camille painting