reactions of metal ions in aqueous solution

Colour and formula of iron(II) aqueous ion:

• green solution

• [Fe(H2O)6]2+

Reaction of Iron (II) aqueous ions and NaOH:

[Fe(H2O)6]2- + 2OH- —> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

green solution —> green ppt

Reaction of Fe (II) aqueous ions and excess NaOH:

No visible/ further reaction

Copper aqueous ion colour and formula:

• Cu(H2)6 2+

• Blue solution

Reaction of copper aqueous ions and NaOH:

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- —> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

Blue solution —> blue ppt

Reaction of copper aqueous ions and excess NaOH:

No visible/ further reaction

Colour and formula of Fe (III) aqueous ions:

• Fe(H2O6 3+

• Purple solution LOOKS LIKE yellow/brown solution

Reaction Fe(III) aqueous ion and NaOH:

• [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 2OH- —> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

• Purple solution to brown ppt

Reaction of iron (III) aqueous ions and excess NaOH:

No further/ visible reaction

Colour and formula of aluminium aqueous ion:

• Al(H2O)6 3+

• Colourless solution

Reaction of aluminium aqueous ion and NaOH:

• [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- —> [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

• Colourless solution to white ppt

Reaction of aluminium aqueous ion and excess NaOH:

• [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + OH- —> [Al(OH)4]- + H2O

• White ppt to colourless solution

Reaction of iron (II) aqueous ion and ammonia:

• [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 —> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

• Green solution —> green ppt

Reaction of iron (II) aqueous ion and excess ammonia:

No visible/ further reaction

Reaction of Copper (II) with ammonia:

• [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 3NH3 —> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

• Blue solution —> blue precipitate

Reaction of copper (II) aqueous ions with excess ammonia:

• [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 4NH3 → [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

• Blue solution —> deep blue solution

Reaction of iron (III) aqueous ion with ammonia

• [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 —> [Fe(H2O)(OH)3] + 3NH4+

• orange solution —> brown ppt

Reaction of iron (III) aqueous ion with excess ammonia:

No further/visible reaction

Reaction of iron (II) aqueous ion and sodium carbonate:

• [Fe(H2O)5]2+ + CO3 2- → FeCO3 + 6H2O

• Green solution → green ppt

Reaction of copper (II) aqueous ions and sodium carbonate:

• [Cu(H2O)6]3 2+ + CO3 2- → [Cu(H2O)4] + CuCO3 + 6H2O

• Blue solution —> blue-green ppt

Reaction of iron (III) aqueous ion and sodium carbonate:

• 2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- —> 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

• Orange solution → brown ppt AND gentle bubbles

Reaction of aluminium aqueous ion and sodium carbonate:

• 2[Al(H2O)6] 3+ + 3CO3 2+ → 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2OM+ 3CO2

• Colourless solution —> white ppt + gentle bubbles