Media 1030 Final (BGSU)

piracy

illegal copying or distribution of copyrighted things

HTML

Hyper markup language

Allows different types of info to be combined into a single computer page

Digitization

Process of turning electric waves into digital waves

Schema

Knowledge of something already learned.

Ex. think of a house

You get a mental picture off a house because yk what a house is

Social learning theory

People learn by observing others

uses and gratifications

the idea that people use media messages and find various types of gratifications in some media texts rather than in others

Hypodermic needle model

People cannot escape from the medias influence

Theory

Testable explanation of facts or observations

Facebook experiment

Quitting ________ leads to higher levels of well being

story/narrative

Any account of a series of related events or experiences

Media citizen

Participating positively in public discourse

Media producer

Creating or uploading

Media consumer

Watching, reading, and listening

Audience segmentation

Providing content that attracts specific audiences who may be potential customers to advertisers

Masspersonal communication

The process used to engage a large audience in a personal way

Participatory culture

When people are not just consumers, they produce

Selective interpretation

Consumers interpret things consistent with their attitudes and values

Selective retention

we remember only what we want to remember

Selective attention

Focusing on some info and not other info

Decentralized network

individuals can communicate freely with other team members

Distributed network

A network that can be used by people around the world to share computer files

Central network

A hub that distributed content to many receivers

Content analysis

a systematic analysis of the content rather than the structure of a communication, such as a written work, speech, or film

Survey

measuring variables at single points in time with no manipulation

Experiment

Manipulating an independent variable and measuring the dependent variables

Social psychological studies

What influence does media have on people

Public opinion research

How does media influence public attitudes about social issues

Propaganda analysis

How does false info lead to war and social instability

Net neutrality

Internet service is treated as an essential service

Royalty

Payment to composer or performer for use of song

copyright

The ownership of intellectual or artistic property

Napster

A centralized online file-sharing system that enabled users to download and share free music.

Berliner

Invented gramophone that captures sound waves in grooves of flat discs

Edison

Invented phonograph

stores sound waves in tin foil cylinder and then plays back sound

Democratizing effect of recorded music

How artists write and record music and how people consume it

Convergence

the state of separate elements joining or coming together

Peer to peer

Software (often free) which allows you to download files directly from a single computer anywhere in the world that also has the same software installed.

Digital divide

A worldwide gap giving advantage to those with access to technology

Knowledge gap

the gap in information that builds as groups grow up without access to technology

Diffusion of invention

The pattern and speed at which new ideas, practices, or products spread through a population

Deepfakes

A video of a persons face that has been digitally altered

Misinformation

Untrue or wrong information

Disinformation

Deliberate false information

Algorithmic bais

Biased results due to human biases that skew original data

Affordances

features or capabilities of a technology that help establish how we use it

Text

Anything that conveys meaning

Discourse

Conversations in our culture that exist in texts

Attitudinal effect

media affects how we judge and evaluate; shapes our attitudes

Agenda setting

The ability of the new to influence the importance of topics in the public agenda

Cultivation Theory

Longterm exposure to media shapes how consumers perceive the world and live life

Framing

When news stories tell how to think about issues by activating different concepts we use to understand those issues

Balance theory

Individuals seek consistency and avoid inconsistency

Cognitive dissonance

an unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs

Confirmation bias

a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions

Fomo

fear of missing out

ARPANET

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

Web 1.0 vs web 2.0

Web __ - static

Web __ - collaboration

Read only

prior to Web 2.0, you could only read info

Read/write

After 2.0 you could write and read

Convergence

The changes brought by the digital transition

Culture

Includes individuals, groups, and societies used to make sense of life and express values

Cognitive effects

influences on beliefs, understandings, and other mental processes

Affective effective

Change in emotional state

Preferred readings

What the author intended

Alternative readings

How readers interpret the text

Heuristic processing

Jumping to conclusions

Ex. seeing a person in a dark alley and walking more quickly

Constructed reality

Reality is created through interactions and communications among members of a society

Truth is provisional because

There can always be more evidence we do not know about

Correspondence

A premiss is true if it is consistent with reality

Coherence

A claim is true if it is consistent with other claims

Information

Something that is observable and potentially useful

Truth default

The tendency to accept information in order to understand it

Hoax

Disinformation for the purpose of making money

Satire

Humor based on an actual event

Opinion entrepreneurs

Individuals who make money from providing false info and then trying to undermine the info

Information anarchists

individuals who spread false information merely to destabilize a society or culture

Propagandists

State actor attempting to manipulate public opinion of another state

Dependent variable

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations

Independent variable

Variable that is manipulated

Variable

A factor that can change in an experiment

Electromagnetic spectrum

All of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation

Frequencies

the rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time

Licensing

selling the right to use some process, trademark, patent, or other right for a fee or royalty

1912

required all ships to have communication radios

1927

Airwaves are limited and belong to the public

1934

Federal organization of telephone, radio, and radio communication

Networks

Radio and tv stations connected by phone and satellite to share content and revenue

Monopoly

Complete control of a product or business by one person or group

Oligopoly

Small number of relatively large companies produce similar but slightly different goods

Patent

Exclusive rights over an invention

Transistors

Small electrical devices that could receive and amplify radio signals

AM

Amplitude modulation

Fm

Frequency modulation

Edwin Armstrong

invented FM radio

David Sarnoff

Broadcast visionary who built RCA, NBC

Format Specialization

More than forty different formats serve diverse groups of listeners.

Fairness Doctrine

FCC rule (no longer in effect) that required broadcasters to air a variety of viewpoints on their programs

Charles Coughlin

A radio priest who was anti-Semetic and anti-New Deal. He catered away some support from FDR.

Rush Limbaugh

Conservative radio talk-show host.

Payola

occurs when record companies give bribes to DJs to get their records played