Cross Sectional Anatomy I Chapter 10 MRI safety
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After reading this chapter, you will be able to: Recognize the main hazards associated with MRI scanning. Understand the mechanisms behind MRI-related injuries. Identify and ameliorate potential risks to the patient undergoing an MRI procedure.
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120 Terms
True/False
The hip is a synovial ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation of the femoral head with the acetabulum of the pelvis.
True
True/False
The femur is the longest and heaviest bone in the body, but it is not the strongest.
False
True/False
The labrum creates a fibrocartilaginous rim that stabilizes the hip joint by deepening the acetabular fossa.
True
True/False
The patella is the smallest sesamoid bone in the body
False
True/False
The tibia has cartilage-covered projections called the medial and lateral condyles.
True
True/False
The menisci of the knee are responsible for providing stability to the tibia and femur.
False
True/False
The gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris are part of the posterior group’s deep layer in the lower leg.
False
True/False
The talus transmits the entire body weight to the foot, along with the calcaneus.
True
True/False
The plantar fascia is among the thickest fascia in the human body, consisting of approximately 80 layers
True
True/False
The great saphenous vein is the smallest vein in the lower extremity.
False
Acetabulum
Cuplike cavity formed by ilium, ischium, and pubis
Femur
Longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body
Labrum
Fibrocartilaginous rim surrounding the acetabulum
Patella
Largest sesamoid bone in the body
Tibia
Widened proximal end with medial and lateral condyles
Zona Orbicularis
Forms a sling around the femoral neck
Gastrocnemius
Provides plantar flexion of the foot
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
Surrounds femoral head to stabilize the hip
Menisci
Cushions articulation between femoral condyles and tibial plateaus
Popliteus
Part of the knee joint capsule reinforcement
True/False
The acetabulum is formed by four bones:
False
The tarsal canal widens laterally to form the __________________.
sinus tarsi
The piriformis muscle is part of the gluteal compartment, and its proximal insertion is the ____________.
sacrum
The gluteus __________________muscle is located on the lateral and upper part of the buttock.
MEDIUS
What type of bone is the patella?
sesamoid
Which structure is covered entirely by articular cartilage:
Head of the femur
The synovial capsule of the hip joint lines the ___________surface of the fibrous capsule.
internal
True/False
The tarsal canal widens laterally to form the sustentaculum tali.
False
How many bones are in the foot and ankle?
26
Which tendon inserts on the calcaneal tuberosity?
achilles
What structure provides weight-bearing support to the medial side of the ankle?
Sustentaculum tali
The Vastus medialis is part of the Quadriceps femoris of the thigh muscles ant its action is:
extends the knee at the knee joint
The semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris muscles are collectively known as the _______________________.
hamstrings
Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a major concern following subcapital fractures of the femoral head. Disruption of the arterial supply to the femoral head is the most significant factor leading to AVN.
fractures
Which muscle is the largest muscle in the body?
gluteus maximus
The popliteus muscle is a thin triangular muscle that forms the lower floor of the _______________________________.
popliteus fossa
What structure contains the artery to the femoral head?
Ligamentum teres
The ___________ligament provides medial support and is the strongest ligament in the ankle joint.
deltoid
Which muscle is part of the anterior thigh compartment?
Sartorius muscle
The ________________ is approximately 80 layers thick, creating some of the thickest fascia within the human body.
aponeurosis
The muscles of the foot are divided into the:
muscles of the dorsum & muscles of the sole of the foot
The great saphenous vein ascends the medial aspect of the leg and thigh to drain into which vein?
Femoral
True/False
Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a major concern following subcapital fractures of the femoral head. Disruption of the arterial supply to the femoral head is the most significant factor leading to AVN.
True
True/False
Snapping hip syndrome is a condition characterized by a snapping or popping sensation when the hip is flexed and extended and may cause discomfort or pain. The most common cause of the snapping sound is due to tendons catching on bony prominences with movement of the hip. The hip bursae, greater trochanteric, and iliopsoas may become inflamed with this syndrome and result in pain caused by bursitis.
True
The gluteus maximus muscles proximal insertion is the ______________.
sacrum
The lesser trochanter of the femur is the insertion site for the tendon of the -
iliopsoas muscle
Where is the anterior superior iliac spine?
1
What is the largest peripheral nerve in the body?
Sciatic
What anatomy is #4?
femoral neck
What anatomy is # 1?
fibula
What is letter A?
left common iliac artery
What anatomy is # 2?
tibia
What anatomy is the arrow pointing to?
lateral collateral ligament
What is letter B?
Medial meniscus
Which letter is the rectus femoris muscle?
A
What anatomy is letter B?
Greater trochanter
What anatomy is lateral to #2?
fibula
What anatomy is # 3?
calcaneus
Where is the quadratus femoris tendon?
Inferior to the obturator internus and gemellus muscles
Which # is a metatarsal head?
2
What structure deepens the acetabulum to increase stability of the hip joint?
Acetabular labrum
What # is the femoral vein?
1
What number is the acetabulum?
2
What is letter d?
posterior cruciate ligament
Which letter is the anterior tibial artery?
B
What is #2?
lateral femoral condyle
Where is the talus?
2
Where is the distal attachment for the iliotibial (IT) band?
Gerdy’s tubercle
Which letter is pointing to the lateral meniscus?
C
What is letter C?
left profunda femoris artery
What anatomy is the arrow pointing to?
Posterior horn of the lateral meniscus
What is letter D?
Rectus femoris muscle
Which letter is pointing to the anterior cruciate ligament?
C
What anatomy is # 3?
fibula
What is letter C?
Vastus lateralis muscle
Which letter is pointing to the illiofemoral ligament?
g
Which letter is the anterior acetabular labrum?
f
What anatomy is letter A?
Fovea capitis
What anatomy is # 4?
distal femur
What weighted image is this?
T2 fat sat
Which letter is the talus?
A
Which letter is the Posterior meniscofemoral ligament?
A
Where is the tibial plateau?
3 and 4
What is letter E?
achilles tendon
What tendon is an extension of the gastrocnemius muscle?
Achilles
What anatomy is the number 1?
tibia
Where is the femur?
1
Which letter is the popliteal artery?
A
What structure cushions the articulation between the femoral condyles and the tibial plateaus?
Menisci
Which letter is pointing to the posterior cruciate ligament?
E
Which letter is the posterior tibial artery?
D
What anatomy is #5?
fibular head
What is letter E?
Superior gemellus muscle
What is letter D?
left popliteal artery
What is # 3?
fourth metatarsal base
What is anatomy 1?
proximal phalanx
Where is the fibula?
none of the above
What anatomy is # 1?
tibia
What is letter D?
Vastus lateralis muscle
Which letter is pointing to the patellar ligament?
B