APHG Unit 1 Flashcards

Flashcards created from APHG Lecture Notes

What type of map displays boundaries, names, and identifiers of geographic areas, as well as major cultural and physical features?

Reference Map

What type of map emphasizes a particular theme or special topic, often used in Human Geography?

Thematic Map

What type of map distorts land area to show changes in value?

Cartogram

On a cartogram, what does a greater land area represent?

A greater value being measured.

What type of map uses different shades to show the variation of values?

Choropleth Map

What does a darker shaded area typically indicate on a Choropleth Map?

A higher, more dense value.

What type of map uses dots to represent different values?

Dot Map

On a dot map, what do more dots indicate?

Greater value.

What type of map uses symbols to represent a certain value, where the size of the symbol corresponds to the value?

Graduated Symbol Map

What type of map uses lines to link different places that share a common value, often used to map language usage?

Isoline Map

What are the two main types of maps?

Reference maps and thematic maps.

What types of spatial patterns are represented on maps?

Absolute and relative distance and direction, clustering, dispersal, and elevation.

What is space that is created and defined by how humans interact with the environment?

Relative Space

What type of measure is used by comparing an object/building to a known geographical feature?

Relative Measure

What term describes levels of how low/high something is located on Earth’s surface?

Elevation

What spatial pattern describes elements that are evenly spaced?

Uniform

What spatial pattern describes elements spaced in a line?

Linear

What spatial pattern describes elements grouped together?

Clustered/Clumped

What spatial pattern describes elements grouped together purposely?

Agglomeration

What spatial pattern describes elements that are distributed over a wide area?

Dispersed/Scattered

What spatial pattern describes elements with no specific pattern?

Random

What are the four aspects that all map projections distort?

Shape, area, distance and direction (SADD).

What are two benefits of the Mercator projection system?

Shows true direction, good for navigation.

Name one limitation of the Mercator projection system

Areas near poles are distorted

Name a benefit of the Gall-Peters projection system

Area is relatively accurate and continents look accurately shaped.

What is geospatial technology that scans geographic areas and compiles data through specific layers?

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

What geospatial technology detects and monitors physical characteristics of an area using remote controlled technologies such as satellites or aircraft?

Remote Sensing Systems

What geospatial technology uses satellites to provide geospatial positioning on the earth's surface using longitude and latitude lines?

Satellite Navigation Systems

What is the process of studying the use of the land and interactions with humans and the environment?

Landscape Analysis

What are official papers that specify the rules, guidelines, and regulations of a certain place?

Policy Documents

What is the process of studying photographs to identify certain patterns or characteristics of an area?

Photographic Interpretation

What is the communication of ideas and products from the media source to a consumer or listener?

Media Reports

What is a first hand account that's written in a document, described as on-the-spot documentation?

Travel Narrative

What is data with a geographic aspect, referring to a location on Earth?

Geographic data

What is the open-source network for map-making that has data on places around the world?

OpenStreetMap

What concept includes both absolute and relative location?

Spatial Concepts

What spatial concept can include climate, landforms, vegetation, language, religion, culture, and economic systems?

Place

What spatial concept is described as the emotional attachment to an area?

Sense of place

What spatial concept refers to a location's connection to other places, including major highway systems or a relationship to a river?

Situation

What spatial concept can be a neat, geometric grid system, or random, rural separation determined by land needs?

Pattern

What concept is focused on providing not only for society today, but also for future generations?

Sustainability

Which theory stated characteristics of human society are determined by the environment?

Environmental Determinism

Which theory says human societies are influenced by their natural environment, but not controlled by it?

Possibilism

What levels do scales of analysis include?

Scales of analysis include global, regional, national, and local.

What are land groups together by characteristics termed?

Regions

Describe the three types of regions.

Formal, functional, and Vernacular

Describe a Formal Region

Formal (Uniform): Grouped by common environmental, social, political and/or economic attribute

Describe a Functional Region

Functional (Nodal): Grouped around a central point or NODE

Describe a Vernacular Region

Vernacular(Perceptual): Grouped by feelings or attitudes towards the area of land