Fluid Mechanics Jigsaw Questions

Post indicator valves are most commonly used in which context?

Fire protection systems

Magnetic flow meters use an induced current to calculate velocity according to:

Faraday’s Law

Generally, what type of flow is required for chemical or oil flushing of piping?

Turbulent flow

"Water hammer" occurs when a sudden change in fluid ______________ creates a spike in ______________ that can send a shock wave through the pipe.

Momentum/velocity; pressure

Butterfly valve

What type of valve uses a rotating disk to control flow and is best suited for low- to medium-pressure systems?

Pressure-reducing valve (PRV)

What device automatically lowers fluid pressure to protect downstream equipment?

Ultrasonic flow meter

Which flow meter uses sound waves and is especially useful for sanitary or hazardous flow conditions?

Venturi flow meter

Which type of flow meter uses a constricted pipe section and pressure difference to measure flow?

In oil flushing, what is the reason for heating the oil?

To lower viscosity and achieve higher Reynolds number

Ice pigging

What method uses an ice slurry to clean the inside of pipes by pushing debris along as a semi-solid plug?

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

Which technology uses electromagnetic pulses to locate buried pipes without digging?

Acoustic leak detection

What technique uses amplified sound waves to detect small leaks in pipe systems?

Cavitation occurs when the local fluid pressure drops below what critical value?

Vapor pressure

What phenomenon is responsible for loud banging noises in pipes when fluid velocity changes suddenly?

Water hammer

What common cause leads to a pipe rupture during freezing weather?

Internal pressure buildup from freezing water

What chemical process breaks down pipe materials when exposed to moisture and oxygen?

Corrosion (electrochemical reactions)

Vortex shedding

What phenomenon happens when fluid flows past an object, creating oscillating forces that can vibrate the object?