Unit 4: Ontario 낱말 카드 | Quizlet

What percentage of Canada's population and economy does Ontario account for?

Nearly 40% each.

What are Ontario's two major strengths within Canada?

Economy and population.

Which region in Ontario concentrates most of its economy and population?

Southern Ontario.

What industry sector has Ontario shifted towards in recent decades?

Knowledge-based economy.

When did Ontario stop receiving equalization payments?

After its recovery post-2008 recession.

Which country surpassed Canada as the number two vehicle producer in North America?

Mexico.

What is Ontario's share of Canada's GDP as of 2019?

37.8%.

How did COVID-19 impact Ontario's unemployment rate in 2020?

It soared to 10.6% in August 2020.

What two paths did Drummond and Burleton propose for Ontario's economy in 2008?

Remain manufacturing-based or shift to a technology-based economy.

How much were Ontario's exports worth in 2018?

$244 billion.

What major global event in 2020 disrupted Ontario's economy?

The COVID-19 pandemic.

Which major physical regions are found in Ontario?

Great Lakes-St Lawrence Lowlands, Canadian Shield, and Hudson Bay Lowlands.

What percentage of Ontario's land is in Northern Ontario?

Over 80%.

How much of Ontario's population lives in Northern Ontario?

Only about 6%.

Why is agriculture limited in Northern Ontario?

Poor soil, rocky terrain, and a harsh climate.

Where is Canada's longest growing season located?

Southern Ontario.

What physical feature is Southern Ontario famous for?

Niagara Escarpment.

What are Ontario's two major environmental challenges?

Air pollution and water pollution.

What caused a major improvement in Ontario's air quality?

The 2014 shutdown of coal-fired power plants.

Why is smog still a problem in Ontario?

Vehicle exhaust and pollution from US coal plants.

What is the major source of poor drinking water in Indigenous communities?

Contaminated water systems and poorly maintained cisterns.

What important waterway connects Lake Ontario and Lake Erie?

The Welland Canal.

What agricultural issue does urban expansion in Ontario create?

The loss of valuable Class I farmland.

What major mineral deposit was nearly developed into a quarry northwest of Toronto?

Amabel dolostone.

What Indigenous group received the Haldimand Tract?

The Six Nations (Iroquois Confederacy).

What historical event influenced the initial settlement of Southern Ontario?

The arrival of Loyalists after the American Revolution.

When was the Welland Canal first opened?

1829.

What major conflict stopped American settlers from moving into Upper Canada?

The War of 1812.

What three boundary expansions increased Ontario's size?

1874, 1889, and 1912.

What Indigenous land dispute led to the 1995 Ipperwash Crisis?

Failure to return Camp Ipperwash lands to Kettle and Stony Point First Nation.

What major Indigenous land dispute involved Caledonia?

Dispute over land sales and the Douglas Creek Estates development.

What major industries sustained Northern Ontario historically?

Forestry, mining, and tourism.

What percentage of Ontario's workforce was employed in the tertiary sector in 2019?

80.3%.

How has Ontario's secondary sector changed from 2005 to 2019?

It shrank from 23.6% to 17.8% of the workforce.

What global process hurt Ontario's traditional manufacturing industries?

Globalization and outsourcing.

How did Ontario's technology sector help its economy?

Attracted skilled immigrants and created a high-tech hub.

What event in 2019 highlighted Toronto's global cultural importance?

The Toronto Raptors' NBA championship victory.

What is Ontario's biggest economic advantage in transitioning to a knowledge-based economy?

A large concentration of universities, research institutions, and a creative workforce.

What are technology spearheads?

Innovative economic thrusts transforming urban centres into knowledge-based hubs, especially Toronto, Ottawa, and Waterloo.

What factors drive the tech surge in Southern Ontario?

Critical mass of universities, research institutes, skilled tech graduates, and government support.

What urban centres are leading Ontario's tech boom?

Toronto, Ottawa, Waterloo region.

How do high housing prices impact Millennials?

Makes homeownership difficult; many must rent, increasing income inequality.

What report called Toronto the world's fastest-growing tech job market in 2018?

CBRE Group Report.

What is "reverse migration" in the Canadian tech industry?

Skilled Canadians returning from the US due to more tech opportunities at home.

Why are foreign tech workers choosing Canada?

More welcoming immigration policies and political stability compared to the US.

How is technology diffusing into Ontario's primary sectors?

Agriculture, forestry, and mining use advanced tech to boost efficiency and reduce labor needs.

What is the Timber Species Identifier?

Automated software analyzing forest inventory data to identify tree species.

How has banking in Canada changed recently?

Banks have shifted to digital operations, reducing branches and workforce.

Which banks are headquartered in Toronto?

RBC, TD, CIBC, BMO (operational HQ), and Scotiabank.

What trend is visible in Canadian banking employment?

Significant teller reductions due to automation and online banking.

Why are Canadian banks expanding globally?

Access to larger markets, rising middle classes abroad, and transferable digital systems.

Which Canadian bank is most international?

Scotiabank, operating in over 50 countries.

What was Ontario's original economic anchor industry?

Automobile manufacturing.

How many vehicles were produced in Ontario in 1999 vs 2019?

1999: 3.06 million; 2019: 1.92 million.

What event helped Ontario's auto industry pivot towards electric vehicles?

Federal and provincial investments into Ford's Oakville plant in 2020.

Why did Ontario lose automobile plants to Mexico?

Lower labor costs and NAFTA trade advantages.

What is the USMCA wage requirement for Mexican auto plants?

30% of auto manufacturing must pay $16/hour by 2023, rising to 40% after.

Which Canadian auto parts giant benefits from USMCA rules?

Magna International.

What is the Golden Horseshoe?

Canada's densest population cluster around western Lake Ontario, anchored by Toronto.

Which cities are part of the Golden Horseshoe?

Toronto, Hamilton, Oshawa, St. Catharines, Niagara Falls, Burlington, Oakville, etc.

What is the Technology Triangle?

Kitchener, Cambridge, and Waterloo.

What does the Greenbelt Act of 2004 protect?

1.8 million acres of forest, agriculture, and wetlands in Ontario.

What makes Toronto Canada's top city?

Its size, economy, multiculturalism, universities, and global cultural significance.

What universities are located in Toronto?

University of Toronto, York University, and Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson).

What is Toronto Island?

A group of islands offering parkland and residential communities near downtown Toronto.

Where is Canada's National Capital Region?

Ottawa-Gatineau, straddling Ontario and Quebec.

What major tech company is based in Ottawa?

Shopify.

What historic use dominated the Ottawa Valley economy in the 19th century?

Logging and sawmilling.

What is the Zibi project?

A sustainable redevelopment project connecting Ottawa and Gatineau across the river.

What defines Southwestern Ontario?

A prosperous region with strong agriculture and manufacturing (e.g., Windsor and London).

What is Southwestern Ontario's key agricultural advantage?

Long growing seasons allowing crops like tomatoes, soybeans, and sweet corn.

Why is manufacturing unlikely to expand in Southwestern Ontario?

Global competition and relocation of auto plants to Mexico.

What is Northern Ontario's main economic base?

Forestry and mining industries.

What is the Ring of Fire?

A major mineral belt in Northern Ontario containing chromite and other valuable minerals.

What challenges delay the Ring of Fire development?

Remote location, lack of infrastructure, low commodity prices, and Indigenous negotiations.

What percentage of Ontario's Indigenous population lives in Northern Ontario?

Nearly 80%.

What trends are shaping Indigenous populations in Northern Ontario?

High natural growth rates and urban migration.

Why is population declining in Northern Ontario?

Aging residents, few immigrants, and declining resource industries.

What is Ontario's path for future economic prosperity?

Shifting fully to a knowledge-based economy led by technology innovation.