circulatory system

B

white blood cells (leukocytes)

E

basophil

F

lymphocyte

D

eosinphil

C

neutrophil

A

platelets

G

monocyte

H

red blood cells (erthrocytes)

14

left AV (bicuspid/mitral) valve

16

left atrium

10

inferior vena cava

1

superior vena cava

17

left pulmonary veins

7

chordate tendinae

5

right atrium

13

left ventricle

6

right AV (tricuspid) valve

12

interventricular septum

2

right pulmonary arteries

18

left pulmonary arteries

3

aorta

19

pulmonary valve

9

right ventricle

7

aortic

8

deoxygenated blood

10

pacemaker cells

4

tricuspid

2

blood from atria

9

epicardium

5

oxygenated blood

1

two atria

1

pulmonary veins

2

arteries and arterioles

4

pulmonary arteries

5

systemic circuit

3

veins and venues

The insoluble fibers that provide the basic framework for a blood clot are called _____.

fibrin

After a clot has formed, the clot shrinks due tot the action of actin and myosin filaments contained in _____.

platelets

A low number of white blood cells is called _____.

leukopenia

The part of the RBC responsible for the cell’s ability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide is _____.

hemoglobin

A low platelet count refers to a condition called _____.

thrombocytopenia

T cells and B cells are representative cell populations of WBCs identified as _____.

leukocytes

The afferent vessels that return blood to the heart are _____.

veins

Oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via the _____.

pulmonary veins

The chambers of in the heart with thin walls that receive blood from the vessels are the _____.

atria

The action of cardiac muscle tissue contracting on its own in the absence of neural stimulation is called ____

authorhymitcity

The ____ is the primary source of the impulses that establish the heart rate.

SA node

The right side of the heart contains blood which is _____.

deoxygenated

The serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity is called the _____.

pericardium

The right atrium receives blood from the systemic circuit and passes it to the _____.

right vebtricle

When blood leaves the left atrium, it is forced through an atrioventricular valve into the _____.

left ventricle

The only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood are the _____ arteries.

pulmonary

The part of the hemoglobin molecule that directly interacts with oxygen is:

the iron ion

Antigens (agglutinogens) are contained (on, in) the _____, while the antibodies (agglutinins) are found (on, in) the _____.

cell membrane of RBC; plasma

If you have type A blood, your plasma holds circulating _____ that will attack _____ erythrocytes. 

anti–B antibodies; Type B

Megakaryocytes are specialized cells of the bone marrow responsible for:

formation of platelets.

Basophils are specialized in that they:

contain histamine that exaggerates the inflammation response at the injury site.

If antigen “B” meets with antibody “anti-A”, the result would be:

clotting or agglutination would not occur. 

The blood vessels in the cardiovascular system are subdivided into the:

pulmonary and systemic circuits.

Blood is carried away from the heart by

arteries. 

The left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary circuit and empties into the:

left ventricle. 

The major difference between the left and right ventricles relative to their role in heart function is:

the L.V. pumps blood through the high-resistance systemic circulation.

The three distinct layers of the heart wall include the:

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.

Atrioventricular valves prevent backflow into the _____; semilunar valves prevent backflow into the _____.

atria; ventricles

When deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle through a semilunar valve, it is forced into the:

pulmonary arteries.

Blood from the systemic circulation is returned to the right atrium by the:

superior and inferior vena cava.

The correct sequence of a normal action potential is

SA node → AV node → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers.

The sinoatrial node acts as the pacemaker of the heart because these cells are:

the ones that depolarize and reach threshold first.

ECG’s are useful in detecting and diagnosing abnormal patters of cardiac activity called:

cardiac arrhythmias.

When a chamber of the heart fills with blood and prepares for the start of the next beat the chamber is in:

diastole

The only blood vessels whose walls permit exchange between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluids are:

capillaries

Circulating RBC’s lack:

ribosomes, mitochondria. nuclei

The primary function of a mature red blood cell is:

transport respiratory gases.

The left ventricle is thicker than the right ventricle because. 

it requires more pressure to pump to the systemic circuit. 

Which is not a difference between arteries and veins?

arteries always carry oxygenated blood while veins always carry deoxygenated blood.