Indian Independence pt 2

When did the British introduce the 'Arms Act' in India?

1878

What was the arms act?

It was designed to restrict the possession of firearms among Indians and ensure that only the British and their trusted allies had access to weapons.

Who was the British ruler who passed the 'Vernacular Press Act' and implemented censorship on newspapers?

Lord Lytton

Into how many phases has the Indian independence movement been divided?

3 (Liberal Era, Extremist Era, and Gandhi Era)

What is the period from 1885-1905 in the Indian independence movement known as?

Liberal Era

What is the period from 1906-1918 in the Indian independence movement known as?

Extremist Era (The period from 1919-1947 is the Gandhi Era)

What is the campaign launched by Mahatma Gandhi in the Civil Disobedience Movement called?

Dandi March

When was the Khilafat Movement held?

1920

Who established the Indian National Congress?

Retired British officer, Alan Octavian Hume (Initially, the establishment of the Congress was aimed at promoting general demands rather than ending the British Empire from India; otherwise, it was not possible for a British person to take initiative in its establishment, but over time, the Congress became synonymous with the Indian National Movement.)

Achievements of the Liberal Era

Indian Council Act of 1892, Political education among Indians, National awakening, Building a sense of Indian nationality

Indian Council Act of 1892

British law passed to slightly increase Indian participation in the legislative process but it was still very limited and did not give real power to Indians.

Some of the main reasons for the Congress being liberal in the early stages

Devotion to British rule, Belief in the justice of the British, Belief in gradual reform, Belief in legal methods, Seeing Indian interests in a permanent relationship with Britain, Achievement of political self-government

Who were the early leaders with a liberal mindset in the Indian independence movement?

Dadabhai Naoroji, Umesh Chandra Banerjee, Feroze Shah Mehta, etc.

Reasons for the emergence of the extremist movement in the independence movement

Ill-treatment of the high and middle class, Inadequate reforms, Political reasons (the Conservative Party, which adopted a strict policy towards India, came to power), Influence of foreign events, Discrimination, Caste-based, Split in Congress, Lord Curzon's rule policy, Government's economic policy, Influence of Western revolutionary principles

When did Lord Curzon again introduce the policy of appointing only the British to high government positions?

1904 (The policy of impartiality in government service was introduced in 1858)

Who was the hard-line leader of the Indian independence movement who said, "Swaraj is our birthright and to achieve it is the goal of Congress"?

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Who were the leaders of the Extremist Group in the Indian independence movement?

Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Lala Lajpat Rai

Under whose leadership was the Home Rule Movement started in 1916?

Bal Gangadhar Tilak