WSU Biology 315 Lab Exam #1. week 1

cranial cavity

space

entire space where the brain sits (fist in base)

calvaria

structure

top of skull / skull cap (removal of the skull)

cranial base

structure

floor of the cranial cavity, bottom part (hand flat on the inside)

anterior cranial fossa

depression

front part of cranial base

middle cranial fossa

depression

middle part of the cranial base

posterior cranial fossa

depression

back side of cranial base

orbits

spaces

eye sockets/ where the eye sits

nasal cavities

3D space

holes of the nose

bony nasal septum

structure

down the middle bone of the nose

piriform aperture

2D opening

pear-shaped opening (tracing of the nasal cavity)

hard palate

collective structure

roof of the mouth (red and purple area)

zygomatic arch

structure

cheekbone arch (eye to ear-ish) yellow and brine bone make up the arch.

infratemporal fossa

depression

depression behind the zygomatic arch

coronal suture

junction

left to right suture in the front of the head

lambdoidal suture

junction

back of the head to suture from right to left

sagittal suture

junction

sutures down the center of the skull

squamous suture

junction

sutures on on both sides of the skull near the temporal bone.

supraorbital margin of the frontal bone

feature

where the eyebrows sit

parietal bones

structure

two bone on the that make up the top of the skull

occipital bone

structure

bone that makes up the back of the skull

external occipital protuberance of the occipital bone

feature

bump on the back of the head

occipital condyles of the occipital bone

feature

flat wedges of the base of the skull

nuchal lines of the occipital bone

feature

lines that come to a point at the base of the skull

temporal bones

structure

sides of the head

mastoid process of the temporal bones

projection

pointy part of the temporal bone posterior

styloid process of the temporal bones

projection

event pointier part of the temporal bone/ the tip of the point

zygomatic process of the temporal bones

projection

The brown part of the zygomatic arch, posterior to the eye

petrous portion of the temporal bones

structure

pinching the middle parts of the center of the cranial base.

mandibular fossa of the temporal bones

depression

sockets where the jaw attaches to both sides of the head

Ethmoid bone

bone that sits in the front of the canical base (can be detached)

crista galli of the ethmoid bone

structure

top projection from the ethmoid bone

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

structure

plate that has many tiny holes on side of crista galli posterior from it

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

structure

anterior ridge to the crista galli sown the center

orbital plate of the ethmoid bone

structure

outside walls with smooth surface of ethmoid bone

superior conchae of the ethmoid bone

structure

right and left of the perpindicular plate superior part of the sides (inside)

middle conchae of the ethmoid bone

structure

right and left of the perpindicular plate lower to the superior and makes up most of the wall.

sphenoid bone

structure

sits in the center of the cranial base (looks like butterfly)

greater wing of the sphenoid bone

structure

the larger wings of the sphenoid bone

lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

structure

smaller wings/ inner wings

sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

depression

middle depression of the sphenoid bone

pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone

projection

legs of the butterfly

medial plates of the pterygoid processes

feature

The inside part of the legs

lateral plates of the pterygoid processes

feature

outside part of the legs

mandible bone

structure

makes up the lower jaw

body of mandible bone

structure

ouside c shape that makes up the mandible

dental alveoli of the mandible bone

depression

any of the tooth sockets

angle of the mandible bone

feature

jawline the angle that the mandible creates most posterior part

ramus of the mandible bone

feature

flat part of manible superior to the angle

coronoid process of the mandible bone

projection

front two projections of the mandible

condylar process of the mandible bone

projection

back two projections of the mandible

head of the mandible bone

tip of the condylar process

maxillae bone

bones that make up the upper jaw

body of maxilla bone

structure

c shape that makes up the top of the teeth

dental alveoli of the maxilla bone

depression

any upper teeth sockets

infraorbital margin of the maxilla bone

feature

thin line below eye sockets

palatine process of the maxilla bone

projection

just the purple part of the palate anterior to the other part

zygomatic bones

structure

cheek bones

temporal process of the zygomatic bones

projection

yellow part of the zygomatic arch makes up part of the eye socket

nasal bones

structure

two upper nasal bones

palatine bones

structure

bone that make up back part of the hard palate

horizontal plate of the palatine bones

structure

very top bar of the the palatine bone

perpendicular plate of the palatine bones

structure

twi legs of the palatine bone

lacrimal bones

structure

inside the eye socket orange

opening for nasolacrimal duct of the lacrimal bones

2D space

where tears come from opening in eye socket small whole on side of nasal cavity

inferior nasal conchae

structure

lowest projections

yellow deep in eye

vomer

structure

yellow inside red on the underside of the skull. right below the lower part of the hard palate

supraorbital foramen

hole

notch above the eye socket

infraorbital foramen

hole

notch below the eye socket

mental foramen

hole

small hole on front of chin anterior

optic canal

hole behind the eye socket (circle) where the optic nerve goes through uperior part of the eyer socket

superior orbital fissure

space

A boomerang-type hole in the back of the eye socket (top part of the boomerang)

inferior orbital fissure

Bottom part of the boomerang shape of the orbital fissure.

external acoustic meatus

structure

holes on either side of the head outside of the head where ear go

cribriform foramina

hole

the holes within the fribeform plate of the crista galli

optic canals

from the inside of the cranial base through the back of the eye socket

foramen rotundum

most anterior hole of the holes in the center of the cranial base

foramen ovale

hole

oval structure in the center portion of the cranial base

foramen spinosum

internal

pin hole of the cranial base most posterior whole of the middle of the cranial base

foramen lacerum

hole internal

having jagged edges the most inner wholes of the middle of the cranial base

internal acoustic meatus

structure

internal wholes where the ears would go on either side of the skull

jugular foramen

hole

under the indents

posterior holes on the back of the skull

hypoglossal canal

hole

holes in the inside wall of the foramen magnum

foramen magnum

hole interior

biggerst hole in the base of the skull

foramen ovale

hole exterior

ovals outside the jawbone

foramen spinosum

hole exterior

tiny holes

foramen lacerum

hole exterior

no structure passes completely through

Carotid canal

whole posterior to the spinosum exterior

jugular foramen

hole exterior

jellybean shape

stylomastoid foramen

hole

hole between the styloid and mastoid process

hypoglossal canal

external

holes on the sides of the big hole

foramen magnum

external

large hole

incisive fossa

depression

directly behind the two front teeth

greater palatine foramen

hole

holes back by the molars of the hard palate

mandibular foramen

hole

internal surface of mandible

little holes on the back inside of the bottom jaw

frontal sinuses

space behind the bones

right by/behind the eyebrows

paired, but rarely equal size

maxillary sinuses

space behind the bone of the maxillae bones that make up the top of the jaw

ethmoid air cells

space behind the bones

pinch the bridge of the nose

anterior fontanelle

junction of the skull sutures

tippy top, most anterior

where three sutures collide

posterior fontanelle

junction

back of head where the three collide

sphenoid fontanelle

junction

around the temple of the head

on both sides of the skull