Coal and Petroleum

Flashcards summarizing key concepts related to coal, petroleum, and their environmental impact.

Inexhaustible Natural Resources

Resources present in unlimited quantity in nature and not likely to be exhausted by human activities, e.g., sunlight, air.

Exhaustible Natural Resources

Resources with a limited quantity in nature that can be exhausted by human activities, e.g., forests, wildlife, coal, petroleum.

Carbonisation

The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal under high pressure and temperature.

Fossil Fuels

Energy sources formed from the remains of dead plants and animals over millions of years, including coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

Coal

A hard, black fossil fuel used as a source of energy for cooking, electricity production, and various industrial processes.

Coke

A tough, porous, and almost pure form of carbon obtained from the processing of coal; used in steel manufacturing.

Coal Tar

A black, thick liquid produced from coal, containing about 200 substances, used in producing synthetic dyes, drugs, and roofing materials.

Petroleum

A dark, oily liquid derived from the remains of marine organisms, used to produce fuels like petrol and diesel.

Natural Gas

A fossil fuel primarily consisting of methane, used for heating, power generation, and as a cleaner transport fuel.

Refining

The process of separating various constituents of petroleum to produce fuels and other products.

Petrochemicals

Chemical products derived from petroleum and natural gas, used in the production of various materials, including plastics and detergents.

CNG (Compressed Natural Gas)

Natural gas stored under high pressure, used as a cleaner fuel for vehicles and power generation.

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)

A mixture of hydrocarbons used as fuel for heating and cooking, derived from refining petroleum.

Environmental Impact of Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels contribute to air pollution and global warming due to carbon emissions from burning.

PCRA (Petroleum Conservation Research Association)

An organization in India that advises on saving fuel and promoting efficient fuel usage.