Test 2 Review Exercise

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms related to counseling techniques, theories, and skills important for the Exam.

Empathic Confrontation

A process in counseling that involves addressing discrepancies in a client's behavior or statements with understanding and support.

Steps to Empathic Confrontation

1. Identify the discrepancy, 2. Show empathy, 3. Encourage client reflection.

Types of Discrepancies

1. Between thoughts and feelings, 2. Between self-perception and how others perceive them, 3. Between stated goals and actual behaviors.

Client Change Scale (CCS)

A scale to assess the stages of client readiness for change, typically includes stages like pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Linking

A therapeutic skill that connects a client's feelings or experiences to insights or interpretations that help facilitate understanding and change.

Logotherapy

A therapeutic approach founded by Viktor Frankl that emphasizes finding meaning in life.

Discernment as a Skill

Discernment involves the ability to perceive and understand subtle differences in client statements; an example question could be, 'What do you truly want in this situation?'

De-reflection

A technique used to redirect a client's focus away from their obsessions or anxieties towards more constructive thoughts.

Multicultural Factors in Reflection of Meaning

1. Cultural values and beliefs that shape a client's understanding, 2. Language differences that may influence expression and interpretation of meaning.

Questions to Discover Underlying Meaning

1. What are you feeling during this experience? 2. What does this remind you of in your past? 3. How do you see this impacting your future?