Healthful Living Honors Final Test

Women are more likely to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder than men. True or False

False

Schizophrenia is the #1 leading cause of disability worldwide. True or False

False

Which of the following causes schizophrenia?

Researchers believe it is an interaction of all of these factors

Which of the following do genetics (family history) influence?

(ASD)

(ADHD)

Anxiety

Which medication would be most suitable for an acute crisis such as a panic attack?

Benzos

Which of the following prescribed stimulant medications are commonly prescribed to treat ADHD?

Adderall and Ritalin

All prescribed anti-depressants are aimed at enhancing the signaling of neurotransmitters. True or False

True

Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech are common experiences for people with ADHD. True or False

False

Bipolar disorder is treatable. True or False

True

What factors may contribute to the cause of bipolar disorder?

Genetics and an abnormal signaling in the brain attributed by an overabundance of dopamine.

Schizophrenia is treated by prescription medicines designed to block the receptors of which two neurotransmitters?

dopamine, serotonin

Which of the following mental disorders are most commonly treated using a combination of prescription medication and therapy?

ADHD, Anxiety, Depression

Bipolar disorder is usually reliably diagnosed by the age of two. True or False

False

In addition to genetics, a large body of evidence suggests that multiple neurotransmitters and brain structures play a role in the presence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). True or False

Trye

Stress and anxiety are the same thing. True or False

False

Difficulty with social communication and interaction, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors are symptoms of which disorder?

ASD

According to the American Psychological Association, people experiencing anxiety disorders usually have:

Sweating, trembling, Recurring intrusive thoughts or concerns, Avoid certain situations out of worry

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is related to bipolar disorder. True or False

False

Approximately what percent of the population is affected by schizophrenia?

<1%

Researchers have not identified one single cause for either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. True or False

True

Which of the following explains why anxiety disorders occur?

Scientists believe that anxiety disorders occur when there are changes in the signaling of the limbic system, Hereditary (genetic), External factors (living environment, drugs/alcohol use, life events)

Schizophrenia can be cured and does not require lifetime treatment. True or False

False

How is bipolar disorder most commonly treated?

A combination of prescribed medications

Generally speaking, anxiety is a normal reaction that everyone experiences from time to time in response to different kinds of events and situations. True or False

True

Depression is more than sadness and can affect people's eating and sleeping habits, relationships, and their ability to concentrate. True or False

True

Which mental health concern is the most common in the United States? (AHEM AHEM SAHASRA WE BOTH GOT THIS WrONG BEFORE, PAY ATTENTION)

Anxiety

Bipolar disorder is characterized by having two completely different states of mind: depression and ______________?

Mania

The onset of depression is always triggered by a life event such as a death in the family or living in an unsafe environment. True or False

False

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is 4 times more common among boys than among girls. True or False

True

Trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors, and being overly active are symptoms of which disorder?

ADHD

Approximately _____________of teens struggling with depression do not get adequate treatment for their depression.

60%

Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRI) block neurons from reabsorbing both serotonin and norepinephrine. Which of the following are SNRIs most commonly used to treat?

Depression and Anxiety

Approximately, what percentage of teens are affected by bipolar disorder?

3%

What does "SSRI" stand for?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for depression?

Homework

Cutting back on the use of social media, spending time face-to-face with family and friends, and participating in enjoyable activities are all strategies for reducing the risk of teen depression. True or False

True

Dopamine reinforces the desire to use drugs. True or False

True

The dangers of taking pills that are not prescribed for you specifically and/or are from non-prescription sources include:

You don't know how much is there.

You don't know what else is there.

There are plenty of counterfeit pills.

There is no accepted medical use for hallucinogen drugs; nobody is permitted to possess or use them; they are all illegal. True or false

True

Stimulants activate the release of noradrenaline/norepinephrine, the neurotransmitter responsible for activating the fight or flight response. True or false

True

Which type of drug is considered the most efficacious form of pain relief available to medicine and is available in many forms for use from inpatient surgery to outpatient pain relief?

Opioids

Due to the versatility of serotonin and number of receptors (14), serotonin-targeted drugs treat many important disorders such as anxiety and depression. True or false

True

Select the drugs that block pain messages sent from the body to the brain, which is why they are prescribed for serious injuries or illnesses.

Opioids

Science is showing that high levels of marijuana use in early adolescence may be associated with which of the following effects later in life?

An increased likelihood of developing psychological disorders later in life.

In normal, _______________ circumstances, the reward circuit responds to healthy, pleasurable activities by releasing the neurotransmitter __________________, which teaches other parts of the brain to repeat those activities.

non-drug, dopamine

Which of the following can activate receptors in the brain because their chemical structure mimics that of the natural neurotransmitters allowing them to lock in and activate the nerve cells?

LSD, Heroin, Marijuana

Endogenous opioids like endorphins and enkephalins are created naturally in the body. True or False

True

________________________ causes a spill of dopamine and norepinephrine wherever it's available to be released.

Meth

When a person uses marijuana the body quickly (about 2 hours) eliminates the THC. True or False

False

Marijuana mimics the effect of endogenous cannabinoids in the human brain. True or False

True

_______________ prevents the reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine where it is being released (blocking the reuptake receptor).

Cocaine

Naloxone Nasal Spray is an effective treatment used to avoid opioid overdose and death. True or False

True

How are hallucinogen drugs used?

Smoking, inhaling, or vaporizing

Absorption

Snorting

DMT (Dimethyltryptamine) is the main psychoactive chemical in marijuana. True or False

False (THC is)

Which of the following drugs are classified as stimulants?

Cocaine and coffee

Which of the following classic hallucinogens is one of the most potent mood and perception altering hallucinogenic drugs?

LSD

Tetrahydrocannabinol - THC levels have remained the same for 50 years. True or False

False

There are FDA approved drugs to treat opioid addiction. True or False

True

Which dissociative drug was originally developed in the 1950s as a general anesthetic for surgery and today it is illegal and is snorted, smoked, injected, or swallowed?

PCP

How did the opioid epidemic begin?

Physicians began to increase prescriptions in a sincere attempt to treat patient pain.

Which neurotransmitter does heroin affect in the brain?

Enkephalin

Endorphins

Dopamine

The THC content of vaping fluid is highly regulated. true or false

False

Which of the following opioids has no valid medical use?

Heroin

What synthetic opioid is 50x stronger than heroin and 100x stronger than morphine?

Fentanyl

Effects of marijuana

Hallucinogen and depressant

_____________________ is its own class of drug called cannabinoid.

Marijuana

________________________ is a pattern of frequently repeated dosing (of a stimulant) that may last for up to 3 sleepless days.

Bingeing

Alcohol is a ...

Depressant

Nicotine is a ...

stimulant

What factors influence a person's BAC

Age, whether the stomach is fuller empty, gender

What is drug dependence

When the neurons adapt to repeated drug exposure and only function normally in the presence of a drug

... Is it an additive in some THC containing e-cigarettes or vaping products that is strongly linked to the 2020 outbreak in lung injuries

Vitamin E acetate

When nicotine activates the brain's reward system it floods the... With... , which produces a desire to repeat the behavior that led to it

Nucleus accumbens, dopamine

Alcohol enters the ... Quickly, is degraded or broken down in the... And absorbed in the...

brain, liver, small intestine

Drugs disturbed the brain's communication system and tamper with the way... Cells usually send receive and process information

Nerve

... Effects to cardiovascular system by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and risk of blood clotting

Nicotine

How does the design of the e-cigarette taken the activation of the brains reward system several steps for further than any form of nicotine in the past?

The e-cigarette targets many senses

__________________ occurs when it takes a higher dose of the drug to achieve the same level of response achieved initially.

Tolerance

Which of the following is considered another effect of alcohol on the brain?

Blocks the hormone in the kidneys that absorbs water, leading to a hangover

Which of the following statements is correct?

Alcohol increases the inhibitory activity of GABA receptors and decreases the excitatory activity of glutamate receptors

Nicotine mimics the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. True or false

True

Alcohol blocks one of the GABA receptors in the brain.

False

Coughing, bronchitis, and shortness of breath are all acute lung effects of vaping or e-cigarette use. True or false

True

Nicotine has been proven to be less addictive as cocaine and heroin. True or false

False

EVALI stands for e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury. True or False

True

Is it possible for an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) to replace CPR?

CPR keeps blood flowing to the brain so it may not be substituted by an AED.

While a person is awake, the _________________ organizes information and sends it to the cortex for short term storage.

Hippocampus