Individual Differences in Mental Development

Flashcards on individual differences in mental development, covering IQ, intelligence theories, and cultural influences on testing.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Becomes more stable near age 6. High IQs correlate with higher education and cognitively complex occupations.

Factor Analysis

Identifies various abilities that intelligence tests measure, forming distinct clusters or skill groups called factors.

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales

A type of individually administered intelligence test.

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V)

A type of individually administered intelligence test.

Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence- Revised (WPPSI-III)

A type of individually administered intelligence test.

Information Processing Perspective on Intelligence

Considers processing speed and efficient nervous systems as factors in cognitive tests. Executive function predicts intellectual skills.

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory

Intelligent behavior involves balancing analytical, creative, and practical intelligences to achieve success.

Analytical Intelligence

Involves the elements of information processing.

Creative Intelligence

Involves creating useful solutions to problems.

Practical Intelligence

Involves adapting to, shaping, or selecting environments.

Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Includes linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and existential intelligences.

Stereotype Threat

The fear of being judged on the basis of a negative stereotype, which can undermine performance.

Dynamic Assessment

A progressive approach that incorporates purposeful teaching into the testing situation.