crjs ch 12

Total institution

A system where an organization has complete control over every aspect of an individual's life, including their physical, social, and psychological well-being.

inmate subculture

The shared values, norms, and behaviors that develop within a prison environment, influencing inmate interactions and identities. Inmate subculture often includes a hierarchical structure, with established roles, codes of conduct, and unwritten rules. It can be characterized by solidarity, loyalty, and the need for protection within a confined setting.

inmate social code

Unspoken rules and norms followed by prisoners in a correctional facility, governing behavior and interactions among inmates. Includes concepts like respect, loyalty, and maintaining personal space. Helps maintain order and reduce conflicts within the inmate population.

prisonization

The process of adopting the norms, values, and behaviors of prison life, often resulting in a loss of personal identity and increased likelihood of reoffending.

make-believe family (play family)

A pretend family used in criminal justice settings to simulate real-life scenarios for training purposes. It helps professionals practice their skills in investigating, interviewing, and resolving family-related criminal cases without involving actual individuals.

cognitive behavioral therapy

A therapeutic approach that focuses on the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It aims to identify and change negative thought patterns and beliefs to promote healthier behaviors and emotions. Includes roleplaying

therapeutic community

A rehabilitative approach where inmates actively participate in a structured community to address their criminogenic needs and promote personal growth, through counseling, group therapy, vocational training, and reintegration support.

work release

A program that allows incarcerated individuals to work in the community while serving their sentence. It aims to promote rehabilitation, reduce recidivism, and provide job skills training. Participants are typically monitored and must adhere to strict rules and guidelines.

furlough

a temporary release of an inmate from prison, often due to overcrowding or good behavior. It allows individuals to serve part of their sentence in the community under supervision. Aims to reintegrate offenders and reduce prison populations.

hands-off doctrine

A legal principle that emphasizes minimal judicial intervention in correctional institutions. It limits the court’s role in overseeing prison conditions and allows prison administrators to maintain control over inmate affairs. Aims to respect the separation of powers and grants correctional authorities significant discretion in managing prisons.

substantives rights

Access to courts, legal services, and materials. Essential freedom of religion life, medical rights, and racial equality Impose obligations on governments to protect and uphold these rights, ensuring fairness and justice for all.

jailhouse lawyer

Inmate with legal knowledge who provides legal assistance to other prisoners. They study law, research cases, and help with legal documents. Jailhouse lawyers often assist in filing appeals, drafting complaints, and offering legal advice. They play a crucial role in advocating for the rights of incarcerated individuals.

cruel and unusual punishment

Violation of the Eighth Amendment, prohibits punishment that is excessively harsh, inhumane, or degrading.

parole

The conditional release of a prisoner before the completion of their full sentence, subject to certain terms and supervision by an officer.

parole board

A panel of officials who review the cases of eligible prisoners and determine if they can be released from prison before completing their full sentence, under certain conditions and supervision.