Industrial Revolution - Key Terms

Enclosure

: The process of taking over and consolidating, or combining, lands formerly shared by peasants.

Anesthetic

: A drug that prevents pain during surgery.

Smelt

: Melt in order to get the pure matter away from its waste matter.

Capital

: Money or wealth used to invest in business or enterprise.

18th century

Putting- out system: system developed in the in which tasks were distributed to individuals who completed the work in their own homes; also known as cottage industry.

Turnpike

: Private road built by entrepreneurs who charged a toll to travelers to use it.

Entrepreneur

: Person who assumes financial risk in order to make a profit.

Manchester

: Industrial city in northern Britain that was part of the first major railway line; it went from Liverpool to .

Liverpool

: Industrial city in northern Britain that was part of the first major railway line; it went from to Manchester.

James Watt

: Scottish man who invented the steam engine.

Industrial Revolution

: A period beginning in the 1700s in which production shifted from simple hand tools to complex machinery and sources of energy shifted from human or animal power to steam and electricity.

Eli Whitney

: Lived 1765- 1825 and his main invention was the cotton gin which was important to the industrial revolution because it boosted the economy of the South and made the textile industry more efficient and profitable.

steam engine

The was a vital source of power for the Industrial Revolution.

Enterprise

: Business organization in such areas as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories.

Capital

is very important because it changes the power and economic advantages between countries.

Putting-out system

system developed in the 18th century in which tasks were distributed to individuals who completed the work in their own homes; also known as cottage industry