isci midterm

in science a theory is

a synthesis of a large body of well tested knowledge

technology is

mainly a tool of science

galileo relied on

experiment

galileo’s demonstration at the leaning tower of pisa

refuted aristotle’s teachings

according to galileo inertia is

property of all matter

1 kg block of iron weighs about

10 N

kilogram is

unit of mass

compared with the mass of an apple on earth, the mass of the same apple on the moon is

the same

your weight is

the gravitational attraction between you and earth

the net force on an object is

the combination of all forces acting on it

the equilibrium rule ΣF = 0 applies to

both objects at rest and object in uniform motion in a straight line

a parachutist falling at a constant velocity is in a state of

dynamic equilibrium

the friction forces between one object and another act

in opposite directions

a glance at your speedometer on your vehicle will tell you your

instantaneous speed

acceleration and velocity are

very different from each other

when a ball increases in speed by the same amount each second its acceleration

is constant

as an object freely falls its

velocity increases

the speed of a vertically thrown ball at the top of its path is

zero

inertia is defined as

property of matter

if gravity between the sun and earth suddenly vanished, earth would move in

a straight line path

the net force on any object moving at constant velocity

zero

you’re in a fast moving train traveling at a constant velocity. if you just straight up you land

at your original position

newton’s second law focuses on

acceleration

a given net force propels an object along a straight line path. if the mass were doubled, its acceleration would

be half

a heavy rock and a light rock in free fall have the same acceleration because of the

ration of force to mass is the same

how many forces act on an upwardly tossed coin when it gets to the top of its path

one - the force due to gravity

when a falling object has reached its terminal velocity, its acceleration is

zero

action and reaction forces are parts of

a single interaction

the distinction between impulse and force involves the

time the force acts

whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the

distance that a force acts

an object that has kinetic energy must be

moving

power is defined as the

work done divided by the time to do the work

a ball rolling down an incline has its maximum potential energy

at the top

a ball rolling down an incline has its maximum kinetic energy

at the bottom

according to newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects

the greater the gravitational force between them

if your mass doubles you weight

also doubles

an object is placed exactly halfway between the earth and the moon, the object will fall towards the

earth

inside a freely falling elevator your

weight is zero

air resistance on a high speed projectile shortens its

both range and maximum height

what holds earth satellites up so they don’t crash into earth

nothing, they continually fall fast enough around earth not to crash