Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Phylum Basidiomycota
Club fungi
basidiophores produced on a basidium
mushrooms, toadstools, etc
pore/shelf fungus
basidiomycete that are important wood decay organisms that can grow on living and dead trees
Phylum Ascomycota
Sac fungi
Biggest phylum
ascospores produced in an ascus
ascus sack typically has 8 ascospores
most are micro fungi
cip fungi, morels, yeasts
lichens
mutualistic symbiosis between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism
most are ascomycetes
common mint green color
photosynthetic organisms that have mutualistic symbiosis with fungi
photobiant green alga or cynobacterium or both
imperfect fungi
have no known sexual stage
typically produce spores by mitosis
conidia produced on conidiophores
unable to complete life cycle using meiosis
imperfect fungi examples
Penicilium
Apergillus
Rhizoctonia
Trichoderma
Penicilium
source of penicillin
Aspergillus
aspergilosus can be cause by ingesting too many spores
Rhizoctonia
common soil fungus, produces no spores
Tricoderma
common soil fungus
Phylum Chtridomycota
The chytrids
microscopic with coenocytic hyphae
aquatic and soil fungi
flagellated zoospres
not widely studied until recently because of BD: causes disease in amphibians
Why do chytrids have flagellated zoospores?
it enables them to be aquatic and swim around
Phylum zygomycota
bread mold, sugar mold, pin fungi
coenocytic
“post harvest” losses
biocontrol
spores without flagella
YOKE
coenocytic
hyphae don’t have regular cross walls
“post harvest” losses
moldy fruit, bread, etc
What is a mold?
a microscopic fungus whose mycelium can be seen without magnification that feeds on dead material and affects things we care about
zygomycetes that you can see are ___
molds
Phylum Glomeromycota
Endomycorrihzal fungi
mutualistic symbioses with plant roots
all asexual, no sexual forms known
biotrophic
arbuscules
biotrophic
cannot be cultured (grown in a petri dish)
endomycorrhizal fungi
inside plant root
what happens when glomeromycetes grow into cells of plant roots?
they form structures called arbuscules to exchange nutrients
they explore the soil with their increased surface: volume ratio
they exchange photosynthate for minerals
Kingdom Fungi
a monophyletic, crown eukaryote kingdom
Mycology
the study of fungi
Fungi shared derived characteristics
heterotrophic by assimilation
cell walls made of chitin
reproduction by spores
zygotic meiosis (with modification)
heterotrophic by assimilation
fungi can feed anywhere along its body by secreting enzymes that start to digest the substrate and bring the digestive macromolecules through the cell wall into their body
Fungi Body Plan
filamentous or single celled
Filamentous forms of fungi
hypa, hyphae, mycelium, mycelia
hypha and hyphae
one tiny thread, and many threads
mycelium and mycelia
many hyphae, and many mycelium
single celled fungi
yeasts
ancestral evolutionary fungi trends
single posterior flagellum, hyphae coenocytic, and microscopic
derived evolutionary fungi trends
loss of flagella, hyphae septate, macroscopic
hyphae coenocytic
there are no cross walls or septation between nuclei
hyphae septate
there are cross walls between nuclei; much more arranged
decomposers
mostly plant material (especially wood)
mutualistic symbioses
they can partner up with different phototrophic organisms that share habitats and exchange important resources
mutualistic symbioses examples
lichens and mycorrhizas
newer name for zygomycota
zoopagomycota
newer name for glomermycota
mucuromycota