World History Chapter 32: Independence and Nationalism in the Developing World | Quizlet

Principle of nonalignment

Jawaharlal Nehru's refusal to align India with any bloc or alliance

Discrimination

Prejudicial treatment usually based on race, religion, class, sex, or age

India and Pakistan

What two countries was British India divided into?

Jawaharlal Nerhu

First Indian Prime Minister

Bangladesh

What country did East Pakistan eventually become?

Achmed Sukarno

Leader of the Nationalist Party in Indonesia that the Netherlands eventually granted independence to; first President of Indonesia and eventually dictator

Pol Pot

Leader of the Khmer Rouge that massacred more than a million Cambodians

Ferdinand Marcos

Corrupt president of the Philippines

1948

What year was Israel established?

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Egyptian ruler in the 1950s that supported Arab nationalism and seized the Suez Canal Company

Suez War of 1956

War that occurred when Britain, France, and Israel launched a joint attack on Egypt

Pan-Arabism

Arab unity, regardless of national boundaries

intifada

"Uprising," a military movement that arose during the 1980s among supporters of the Palestine Liberation Organization living in Israel

Six-Day War

War that occurred when Israel in 1967 when Israel launched air strikes against Egypt and Jordan, taking control of the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza

Khartoum Resolution

Resolution after the Six-Day War that said, "No peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, no negotiations with it"

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEM)

An organization formed in 1960 between petroleum exporting countries that controlled the price of oil

Ayatollah Khomeini

The leader of the new government of Iran that moved to restore Islamic law

Saddam Hussein

Leader of Iraq

Iran-Iraq War

War when Saddam Hussein attacked Iran

Persian Gulf War

War when Hussein sent his troops to seize Kuwait

Taliban

Ruling body of Afganistan

apartheid

"Apartness," the system of racial segregation in South Africa from the 1950s until 1991

Pan-Africanism

The unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries

HIV/AID

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; any of the strains of HIV-1 and HIV-2 that infect and destroy the immune system's helper T cells causing a large drop in their numbers, but become AIDS when a person has 20 percent or less than the normal levels of helper T cells

Ghana

First British colony to gain independence

Angola, Somalia, Congo

African countries that were drawn into proxy wars between the US and USSR

Wabenzi

Term used for rich East Africans; Mercedes-Benz people

Nelson Mandela

First black president of the Republic of South Africa

privatization

The sale of government-owned companies to private firms

trade embargo

A policy prohibiting trade with a particular country

cartel

A group of drug businesses

megacity

A very large city

magic realism

A form of expression unique to Latin American literature; it combines realistic events with dreamlike or fantasy backgrounds

Cuban Revolution

Revolution that overthrew Fulgencio Batista led by Castro

United Arab Republic

In 1958, Egypt and Syria joined together to form...

Egypt and Syria

Who made a joint invasion of Israel on Yom Kippur?

Camp David Accords

Agreement to sign a Israel-Egypt peace treaty