APUSH Period 8

Iron curtain

Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet-dominated East and the U.S.-dominated West.

The Marshall Plan

A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe.

Highway System

What Eisenhower is known for

Military Industrial Complex

Eisenhower first coined this phrase when he warned American against it in his last State of the Union Address. He feared that the combined lobbying efforts of the armed services and industries that contracted with the military would lead to excessive Congressional spending; Eisenhower, things were getting out of hand

Peace Core

Kennedy administration program that sent youthful American volunteers to work in underdeveloped countries

Bay of Pigs

Failed CIA operation in April 1961to overthrow Castro and take over Cuba using Cuban exiles.

Berlin Wall

A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West

Cuban Missile Crisis

The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.

Kennedy Assassination

Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas 1963, LBJ took the oath of office

Warren Commission

committee that investigated the assassination of President Kennedy

Miranda Rights

Rights possessed by persons who are arrested by the police. (Remain silent, Attorney, etc.)

Hippies

Believed in anti-materalism, free use of drugs, they had a casual attitude toward sex and anti-conformity, (1960s) practiced free love and took drugs, flocked to San Francisco- low rent/interracial, they lived in communal "crash pads", smoked marijuana and took LSD, sexual revolution, new counter culture, Protestors who influenced US involvement in Vietnam

National Organization of Women

Founded in 1966, the organization called for equal employment opportunity and equal pay for women. It also championed the legalization of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution.

Vietnamization

President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces

Nixon Doctrine

During the Vietnam War, the Nixon Doctrine was created. It stated that the United States would honor its exisiting defense commitments, but in the future other countries would have to fight their own wars without support of American troops.

New Federalism

system in which the national government restores greater authority back to the states

Southern Strategy

getting the racists to appeal to their side for votes; This was apparently nixon's plan to get votes for repubs; It didn't really work as congress was still democratic

Water Gate

a political scandal in which the Nixon administration was accused of abuse of powers.

Iran Hostage Crisis

U.S embassy is taken by iran terrorists in iran and Carter did nothing as 50 americans were held hostage for 440 days

GI Bill

aka Service Readjustment Act of 1944; government helping returning veterans to have a college paid education

22nd Amendment

set a 2 term limit

Taft-Hartley (1947)

rolling back/checking the power of unions; Outlawed closed shop (requiring workers to join a union before being hired) Permitting states to pass "right to work" laws outlawing the union shop (contract requiring workers to join union after being hired ) Outlawed secondary boycotts of strikes were illegal Giving the pres. The power to invoke 80-day cooling off period before a strike endangering the national safety could be called

Fair Deal

National health care; Federal air to education; Civil rights legislation; Public housing funds; Farming air; FAIR DEAL NEVER PASSED; He was against republican congress and had no chance in winning; People cared more about foreign policy

Modern Republicanism

Eisenhower being moderate; Balancing budget while excepting new deal things

Civil Rights Act 1964

outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Roe v. Wade

Made abortion legal

I am a Berliner

Well-known quote from a speech by John F. Kennedy

Missile Gap

Belief that the Soviet Union had more nuclear weapons than the United States; caused by Sputnik

National Security Act

Created the CIA and department of defense

McCarthyism

Second red scare, fighting against communism

Brinkmanship

the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down; Eisenhower

Bay of pigs

Jfk's failed attempt to murder Castro

Great society

War on poverty; Food stamps; Medicare & Medicaid

Containment

American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world; Truman

Warren Court

Liberal, impactful, miranda rights

Domino Affect

If one fell to communism all would; Eisenhower

Montemugrmy Bus Incident

Rosa parks

Hungarian Revolution

Hungary overthrew their government and wanted the US to help them but we ignored them and they fell to communism

Tonken Gulf

Started vietnam war

Nixon pardon

Done by ford

Eisenhower Doctrine

Policy of the US that it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country

Brown v. Board of Education

removed segregation from schools