Puberty Hormone Pathways and Female Reproductive System

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on puberty hormone pathways and the female reproductive system.

What triggers puberty in females?

The release of estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries.

What is the role of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone?

It is the key regulator of the reproductive axis.

What hormones are produced by the ovaries?

Estrogen and progesterone.

What phase follows ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

The luteal phase.

What hormones are involved in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Estrogens.

What happens during the menstrual phase?

Estrogen and progesterone levels drop, leading to menstruation.

What is dysmenorrhea?

The feeling of discomfort or pain experienced around the time of the period.

What is the average length of the menstrual cycle?

Typically 28 days, but cycles can vary between 21-40 days.

How many oocytes do females have at birth?

Approximately 1-2 million oocytes.

What homeostatic mechanism regulates hormone levels in the body?

The feedback mechanism.

What is the main function of prolactin in breastfeeding?

It helps in the secretion of milk.

What is colostrum?

A thick yellowish fluid produced by the breasts in the first days after birth, rich in nutrients and antibodies.

How does the hypothalamus maintain homeostasis?

By sending signals to control body temperature and hormone levels.

What effect does high levels of prostaglandins have?

It causes discomfort or pain during menstruation.

What occurs during the ovulation phase?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is released, leading to the release of an egg.

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