dogs n cats

dogs order

carnivora

dogs family

canidae

dogs genus + species

Canis lupus

dogs domestication

15-36kya, symbiotic relationship, humans used wolves for scraps/food

dogs chromosomes

78

dogs dental formula

3/3 1/1 4/4 2/3

non-obligate carnivores

can tolerate eating non-meat proteins

diffs btwn dogs and wolves

dogs: smaller, need less cals, breed 2x/yr, thicker skin

wolves: bigger skull, more erect ears, breed 1x/yr, no barking

bitch

female dog

bitch age at puberty

6mos

bitch estrous cycle

2x/yr, in heat for 9 days, monoestrus

bitch uterus type

bicornuate

bitch placenta

zonal

bitch gestation length

63 days

bitch litter size

5-6 puppies

puppies weaning period

6-8wks

uses of dogs in research

bone scans/mris, nutrition

dog

male dog

dog age at puberty

6-12mos

dog mating

glandular penis w baculum, copulatory tie: ejaculate prostatic fluid for 15 mins after ejaculation

how many breeds worldwide

356

big vs small breeds

mutation in IGF-1, small = less effective, big = more effective

K/k gene

K = eumelanin/black

k = pheomelanin/red

cats order

carnivora

cats family

felidae

cats genus + species

Felis catus

cat chromies

38

cat domestication

2000 BC, middle east

cats dental formula

3/3 1/1 3/2 1/1

obligate carnivores

must eat meat bc cats can’t make taurine

queen

female cat

queen age at puberty

6mos

queen estrous cycle

15-21 days, seasonally polyestrous (long day)

queen uterus

bicornuate, long horns

queen placenta

zonal

queen gestation

58-78 days

queen litter size

1-10 kittens

kitten weaning period

6-8wks

tom

male cat

tom mating

barbed penis (barbs made of keratin), enhances ovulation and removes sperm from other males

orange gene

X-linked, tortoiseshell males rare