Philosophy - Critical reasoning

Analytic statement

True by definition

Synthetic statement

with context

Informal Fallacy: Definist

defining a term so that it is friendly to your own side of a dispute

Informal Fallacy: post hoc ergo, propter hoc

Informal Fallacy: non sequitur

irrelevant, unrelated

Informal Fallacy: Slippery slope

acceptance of a succession of events without direct evidence that it will happen

Informal Fallacy: Correlation and Causation

the incorrect assumption that because two things are related or happen together, one must cause the other

Argument Evaluation: Premise acceptability

• contentious/on condition

• acceptable, provide reason

• not acceptable

Argument Evaluation: Inferential moves

Does the premise actually support the argument

strong, weak, moderate

Argument Evaluation: Cogency - Inductive

future, establish new theory - final

3 Types of reasoning - Linked

premises are linked if they depend on eachother to support the conclusion

3 Types of reasoning - Serial & Complex

one statement supports a second statement

3 Types of reasoning - Convergent

Two/more premises support the same conclusion, separately and independently