AP Euro Topic 1.8 Colonial Expansion/Columbian Exchange Terms and Names (Amsco Bolded)

Prince Henry the Navigator

(1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.

Gold Coast

Southern coast of West Africa where Portugese fleets sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator discovered and stole new source of gold.

Bartolomeu Dias

Portuguese explorer who rounded the tip of Africa

Vasco da Gama

the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa.

Pedro Alvares Cabral

Portuguese leader of an expedition to India; blown off course in 1500 and landed in Brazil (talk about failing upward!)

Plantation

A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two cash crops for sale. Often used slave labor.

Lisbon

Capital of Portugal

Antwerp

A city in Flanders that became the centre of banking and commerce during the 16th century.

Amsterdam

Capital of the Netherlands

Bristol

English port city center of 16th and 17th c trade

London

Capital of England

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.

small pox

Disease spread by Europeans in the Americas. Led to the deaths of millions of Native Americans in North and South America

measles

Disease spread by Europeans in the Americas that led to the death of millions of Native Americans in North and South America.

immunity

the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection--since indigenous peoples of the Americas did not have this, many died.

cash crop

a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower. (cotton, sugar, tobacco, for example).