church history final review (FROM TESTS)

REVIEW ALL VOCAB AND CHAPTER 10

ok

what was martin luther's response to Pope Leo X's papal bull Exsurge Domina?

he burned it

who issued the oath of supremacy?

King Henry VII

what did Cuis Regio, Eius Religio state?

the leader of each region could choose either the Catholic faith or the lutheran faith as the official religion for his area of political control

while one of the primacy goals of the Council of Trent was to reform problems related to clergy and religious life, what was the second goal?

clearly state Church doctrine on matters that had been distorted by the reformers

as a prince in a kingdom in Germany, thanks to the Peace of Westphalia, you would have the authority to do what?

choose the religion (Lutheran or Catholic) of the subjects living in your realm

which decree or canon is this: confirmed Nicene Creed which has been adopted at both the Council of Nicaea and the Council of Constantinople

on the creed

which decree or canon is this: deuterocanical books were part of the canon; affirmed in response to Luther's belief that these books were apocrypha; vulgate confirmed as autoritative text

on scripture

which decree or canon is this: doctrine confirmed; baptism's remittance of Original Sin confirmed

on original sin

which decree or canon is this: it's effected through God's grace and granted at Baptism; saved through God's grace, not merit

on justification

which decree or canon is this: council of Trent affirmed that there were seven sacraments; it was in response to Luther's claim that only Baptism and Eucharist were valid sacraments

on the sacraments

which decree or canon is this: Council of Trent affirmed transubstantiation and that Christ is truly present in the Eucharist

On the Eucharist

which decree or canon is this: mass is a sacrifice; memorial of Christ's passover and makes present Christ's sacrifice

on the mass

which decree or canon is this: the Council of Trent upheld celibacy for priests and defined the Sacrament of Holy Orders as an indelible mark on the soul of the ordained

on the priesthood

which decree or canon is this: acknowledged the importance of a well-educated clergy; required dioceses around the world to establish seminaries to train clergy

on the founding of seminaries

which decree or canon is this: must be witnessed by a priest and 2 other witnesses

on marriage

who was given the title "defender of the faith" by the Pope for his work and writings in defense of the Church during the protestant reformation?

King Henry VIII

while not the first time people had issues with the Catholic Church, why did Luther's spread like wildfire?

invention of printing press

who was the Dominican friar who was supported and encouraged the selling of indulgences?

Tetzel

what does Sola Fide literally mean?

by faith alone

what does Sola Gratia mean?

by grace alone

why is predestination contrary to the doctrine of free will?

free will says that we choose our own course of action

what was the Church's reaction to Martin luther and his 95 theses?

if he didn't stop preaching and teaching, he would be exocommunicated, tried, convicted, and imprisoned

in what ways did the English Reformation differ from the Protestant Reformation?

Luther's issue was the doctrine of the Catholic Church while henry's was with the Pope

what is the Augsburg Confession?

creed or profession of faith for the Lutherans that is still used today

who was the Chancellor of England who wouldn't sign an oath of allegiance to the king and was executed; stated that, "I die as the king's true servant, but God's first"?

Thomas More

what granted the King supreme power over Church and State matters and designated England as an empire?

Act of Supremacy

what was the Catholic Church's response to Luther's concept of Sala Fida?

faith and good works are intertwined and cannot be separated. Faith without works is dead

what did Luther accomplish during his years of captivity?

refining his theology and translate bible from Latin to German

what color ink are the words the priest says during mass written in?

black

what was a positive outcome that came out of the Council of Trent?

emergence of new religious orders which addressed and helped shape reforms in the church

what did the Catholic Church do to compensate for the minimalistic style of churches adopted by Protestant faiths?

adopt the baroque style

what was the even that was inspired by changes brought by the reformation in Germany, it saw people demanding rights and freedom of oppression by nobles and landlords. It caused many to leave the church to follow Martin Luther, but later to return to the Catholic faith or another Protestant religion once he supported the nobility

peasants' revolt

what event is responsible for spain losing its claim as most powerful nation in Europe and killing more than half of population in Germany resulting in severe poverty for the survivors?

thirty year's war

while critics might not agree on the success/es of the council of Trent, they can all pretty much agree that this occurred as a result of the council:

role of the papacy was strengthened

who founded the society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits?

st. Ignatius of Loyola

who is a french contemporary of St. Vincent de Paul and was the Superior of Daughters of charity?

St. Louise de Marillac

what are ways that Pope Pius IX contributed to the renewal of the Church?

condemned modernism, declared dogma of the immaculate conception, approved the establishment of new religious orders

what must the teaching be for a teaching by a pope, as the true successor of St. Peter, to be recognized as infallible?

Concern principle doctrine of the Church, expressed solely by the Holy Roman Emperor in accordance with the magistrate of the office of the Bishop of Rome, be proposed as having major impact upon he social, mental, and physical welfare of the people, and have the stamp of the pontiff

which dogma of the church does Immaculate Conception refer to?

mary was conceived without Original Sin and was born "full of grace"

why did the Sisters of St. Joseph need to be refounded following the French Revolution?

the sisters were kicked out of France and came to the USA

when mary appears to St. Catherine laboure, an incorruptible saint today, she gives her instructions to have something made. When we see it today, the front says "O mary, conceived without sin, pray for us who have recourse to thee". What is this sacramental?

Miraculous Medal

which philosophy were part of the enlightenment?

rationalism, deism, liberal capitalism

what are fruits of the enlightenment

new ideals of liberty and equality, expanded understanding of natural human rights, abolition of feudalists models of government

what were some of teh negative consequences of the french revolution that had effects during AND after the revolution?

nationalization of Church property, religious being forced out or executed, and forcing to sign Civil Constitutions of the Clergy

what document affirmed the existence of a personal God known by reason and through Revelation? It was a response to fideism, a philosophy that argued that religious truth cannot be established by reason, also emphasized that there can be no conflict between faith and reason and asserted the Church's spiritual authority in resolving questions of faith.

dei filius

what document was passed at Vatican I that affirmed papal primacy and infallibility?

Pastor Aeternus

what was the syllabus of errors?

part of an 1864 encyclical by Pius IX, condemnation of propositions held by liberal enlightenment thinkers, including fideism, pantheism, rationalism, socialism; effort to protect and defend the church against those who wanted it to change and to reflect the times

why was vatican council I called?

to address the rising influence of rationalism, materialism, liberalism, and to address papal authority

what was confirmed by Vatican Council I?

validity of revelation, connection between faith and reason, church's spiritual authority in matters of faith

who did the vision say she was when pressed by Bernadette?

I am the Immaculate Conception

what was the declaration of rights of man and the citizen?

was a core statement of the values of the french revolution and had a major impact on the development of popular conceptions of individual liberty and democracy in Europe and worldwide

what did enlightenment thinkers sought in place of faith in the mystery of God and His works?

measurable, quantifiable explanations for the world

It could be said that the enlightenment gave direct cause for what?

american revolution

what was a part of the french revolution's attemp to wipe out Christianity?

replacing Christian holy days with celebrations of reason and liberty; taking over churches, destroying statues of saints, and replacing them with revolutionary philosophers; executing priests, monks, and nuns

what religious congregation was Mother St. John Fontbonne responsible for reestablishing in St. Louis, Missouri?

Congregation of the Sisters of St. Joseph

what are those religious clergy members called refractories most likely?

imprisoned or killed by guillotine

what was a series of massacres and numerous public executions that took place in response to anticlerical feelings during the French Revolution?

reign of terror

Since most members of the clergy were members of the "Frist Estate" and considered "upper class" they were susceptible to effects of Revolution. Most laws and economic policies benefited them. What happened as a result to clergy members during the French Revolution?

the church, and its members, were not protected by the monarchy and susceptible to be killed or imprisoned

why did the church originally reject Galileo's discovery that the earth revolved around the sun?

they believed that if the earth were not the center of the universe, then neither the earth nor its inhabitants could be the center of God's plan

affirming the existence of a personal God who could be known by reason through Divine Revelation is another way that confirms for that we can know God through what?

Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition

which dogma of the Church does the Immaculate Conception refer to?

Mary was conceived without Original Sin and was born "full of grace"

when was Vatican I formally closed?

by pope john XXIII in 1960

at the beginning of Pius IX's pontificate, he was believed to be a strong advocate of liberalism. His opinion of the liberal revolution was deeply affected in 1850. What happened?

violence that emerged from efforts to unify Italy by taking over the Papal States led to the pope being forced out of Rome

when an artist creates a piece and sells it to someone, they have no further connection to the artwork. This idea that God is not involved in the day-to-day happenings of His creations would be an example of what?

deism

what was napoleon's motive for imprisoning Pope Pius VII?

pope had exocommunicated Napoleon for seizing the Papal States

who said "I think, therefore, I am"?

descartes

who is the longest reigning pope in the history of the Catholic Church?

Pius IX

what are the only 2 times a pope has declared something infallible?

Immaculate Conception and Assumption

what were some accomplishments of the First Vatican Council?

showed the global nature of the church, defined papal infallibility as dogma, discussed how the Church was expected to engage in the world in wake of the enlightenment and among countries mired in nationalsm

what does the term enlightenment imply?

that religious medieval people were in the dark

when was Vatican I officially closed by Pope John XXIII?

1960

who required clergy to take the civil constitution of the clergy?

robsepierre

out of the 21 ecumenical councils, where does Vatican Council I fall in that order?

20th

what did the unification of Italy lead to the church losing?

Papal states EXCEPT Vatican City

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: promoted Gregorian Chant

liturgical

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: exegesis using historical methods was encouraged

scripture

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: CDC (now PSR) was mandated for children in public school

catechetical

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: efforts begin to celebrate mass in the vernacular

liturgical

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: scholarly journals come under suspicion

scripture

liturgical, scripture, or catechetical: question and answer catechism is developed

catechetical

what was the first wave of immigrants?

irish immigrants

what was the second wave of immigrants?

german immigrants

what was the third wave of immigrants?

italian and eastern european immigrants

who was a wealthy Episcopalian with five children who converted to Catholicism after her husband's death. Founded the Sisters of Charity, the first religious order to originate in the United States, which opened schools in several states and set the pattern for today's parochial school system. ALSO, first US citizen to be canonized a saint

st. Elizabeth Ann Seton

who was the first publicly declared African American priest ordained to serve in the United States. Refused admission into any American Seminary so he went to Rome for his training and ordination. Began his ministry in Quincy, Illinois but was met with resistance from white Catholics and protestants. Reassigned to Chicago where he developed and administered the black national parish of St. Monica's which grew to over 600 parishioners?

Augustus Tolton

who was a redemptorist missionary who was a native of Bohemia. Became fourth bishop of Philadelphia; first US bishop to organize a Diocesan Catholic School System; worked among German immigrants with other immigrant communities because of his knack for languages; first US bishop canonized a saint?

St. John Neumann

who was born into a wealthy Philadelphia family, established a religious order, sisters of the the Blessed Sacrament; dedicated her life and inheritance to the care of Native Americans and African Americans; founded more than 60 missions around the US and founded Xavier University in new Orleans, a catholic university with a particular mission to serve African American students?

St. Katherine Drexel

who was a jesuit priest born and raised in maryland; did much to promote Catholicism and prove that American Catholics could be both Catholic AND American; spread catholicism beyond the borders of baltimore and philadelphia; established georgetown university and first seminary in the US, St. Mary's; First bishop of baltimore?

John Carroll

who was an Italian woman who founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart in Italy to care for the poor by running schools and hospitals; at the urging of pope leo XIII, she came to New York with six sisters from her community to work among the Italian immigrants; group established orphanages, schools, and hospitals in many american cities, including New orleans

Frances Xavier Cabrini

which catholic social teaching says protection of all life, from womb to tomb, includes embryonic stem cell research, euthanasia, and abortion?

life and dignity of the human person

which catholic social teaching says we need to protect marriages and married life, participate in community involvement, and families?

call to family, community, and participation

which catholic social teaching says we participate in God's world through the way we work and give thanks to God through oru work; the economy benefits the people, not the other way around?

dignity of work and right of workers

which catholic social teaching says we are worried about global warming, recycling, and protecting animals?

care of God's creations

which catholic social teaching says we must love one another and constantly work for peace?

solidarity

Immigrants created and supported parishes that would employ priests who spoke their language and continue practices and a way of life similar to their country of their origin describes what?

ethnic parishes

Using the king james bible, sitting on school boards, and requiring students to recite protestant prayers are examples of what?

how public schools favored protestant religion

if I have 5 pizzas on my desk and share them by distributing them equally among the class, I am exhibiting what?

universal destination of goods

taking a problem or concern directly to my teacher instead of going to the administration or school board would be an example of what?

subsidiarity

what was a gathering of US catholic bishops in 1884 that helped shape the role of Catholicism in the US among other things, rules governing the formation of a Catholic parish school system were established?

third plenary council of baltimore