Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Quick Note

Most of the cell communication notes are on the unit two set.

Cell Division

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Interphase

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Cell Cycle Checkpoints

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Oncogenes

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Tumor Suppressor Genes

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Mitosis

Ex.

Haploid vs Diploid

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Meiosis, Prophase I and Crossing Over

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Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase I

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Meiosis II

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Mitosis vs Meiosis (+Meiotic Errors)

Ex.

Extra - Types of cell signaling

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Extra - Example of Signal Transduction

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Extra - What is the purpose of transcription factors in cell signaling?

Transcription factors act as a crucial bridge between cell signaling pathways and gene regulation, modulating gene expression in response to external stimuli. They are DNA-binding proteins that can either activate or repress transcription.

Extra - What is apoptosis, and its relation to cell signaling?

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a tightly regulated process initiated by either intrinsic (internal) or extrinsic (external) signals, ultimately leading to the activation of caspases, a family of proteases that dismantle the cell.

Extra - Negative and Positive Feedback Loops

Ex.

Extra - What occurs during telophase and cytokinesis?

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Extra - Checkpoints in the Cell Cycle (G2 missing)

In G2 checkpoint, the cell is checked for any DNA replication errors and that it is the correct size.