Loop diuretics

high-ceiling diuretics

loop diuretics are also called _______ because they cause a greater degree of diuresis than other diuretics do

ascending loop of Henle

site of action of loop diuretics

Na-K-Cl transporter

biological target of loop diuretics

ethacrynic acid

• first loop diuretic introduced; derivative of phenoxyacetic acid

• reserved for patients who are allergic to sulfa drugs

furosemide

most commonly used loop diuretic

body fluid excess

loop diuretics should not be prescribed if a thiazide could alleviate __________

loop diuretic

NURSING CONSIDERATION: Never combine a loop diuretic with another _____

rapid and extensive

Because they can produce a loss of fluid of up to 20 lb/d, loop diuretics are the drugs of choice when a _________ diuresis is needed.

ototoxicity

combining loop diuretics increases the risk for _____

acute heart failure

most commonly indicated for the treatment of _________

furosemide and bumetanide

derivatives of sulfonamides

saluretic effect

means sodium-chloride losing

natriuretic effect

means sodium losing

hypocalcemia

compared to thiazides, loop diuretics cause _______ because calcium is lost in the tubules along with bicarbonate

dizziness

loss of fluid can lower BP and cause ______

slowly

NURSING CONSIDERATION: Change positions _______ if patient experiences dizziness

aminoglycosides, cisplatin

The risk of ototoxicity increases if loop diuretics are combined with __________ or _________

digoxin toxicity

similar to thiazides, loop diuretics increase the risk of ________ because of hypokalemia

indomethacin, ibuprofen, salicylates, NSAIDS

DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS: There may also be a decreased loss of sodium and decreased antihypertensive effects if these drugs are combined with _____, _____, _____, or ______

anuria

loop diuretics are contraindicated to patients with ______ because it may prevene the from working or precipitate a crisis stage d/t blood flow changes brought about by the diuretic

blood glucose levels

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS: due to the risk of developing hyperglycemia, the nurse should monitor the patient’s _______