BIO 300 Lecture7B.IntroToHematopoieticSystem Review

BIO 300 Pathophysiology

A watery extra- cellular matrix.

blood plasma

Albumins.

Globulins.

Fibrinogen.

All others.

proteins

Crucial for the transport of substances in the blood

water

Electrolytes.

Nutrients.

Gases.

Regulatory substances.

Watery products.

other solutes

Neutrophils.

Lymphocytes.

Monocytes.

Eosinophils.

Basophils.

white blood cells

Platelets.

White Blood Cells.

Red Blood Cells 99%.

formed elements

aka White Blood Cells

leukocytes

Have nuclei and organelles.

Larger than RBCs.

NO Hb (bc their role is not to transport oxygen).

Can live for hours or days – & some for years (lymphocytes).

white blood cells

Combat inflammation.

Immune response.

Identify & destroy cancer cells.

leukocytes functions

Leukocytes are generally classified a (based on presence or absence of granules in their cytoplasm)

granular or agranular

Basophils.

Eosinophils.

Neutrophils.

granular

Lymphocytes.

Monocytes.

agranular

aka polymorphonuclear leukocytes or PMNs.

aka segs [bc of segmented nucleus].

neutrophil

Typically first cell to respond.

Defend against bacteria, fungi, foreign substances, etc.

Phagocytosis.

neutrophil function

Connected to allergic reactions – thought to detox the agents associated w/ the reaction.

Connected to parasitic infections (attach to parasite & use enzymes to kill it).

Phagocytosis.

eosinophil

Connected to allergic reactions & fatal asthma.

Release histamine.

basophil

Least numerous of the WBCs

basophil

Most common agranular!

T cells, B cells, natural killer cells.

Described as “main functional cell of the immune system.

lymphocyte

Differentiate to form plasma cells = produce antibodies (humoral immunity)

B cell

Helper Ts & cytotoxic

T cell

Activate other immune cells

helper

Involved in cell-mediated immunity

cytotoxic

Involved in innate immunity (recognizes any non-self cells); destroy foreign cells.

natural killer

Migrate into tissues & mature into macrophages.

Macrophages become “fixed” or “wandering”.

monocyte

Largest of WBCs.

Phagocytosis.

monocyte function

aka platelets

thrombocytes

Fragments of cells

mgakaryocytes.

Release chemicals used for blood clotting when necessary form a

platelet plug

Platelet plug formation is a key step in

hemostasis

Sequence of responses to stop bleeding/prevent hemorrhage

hemostasis

Hemostasis sequence of responses

vascular constriction/spasms.

platelet plug formation.

blood clotting.

aka gel formation or coagulation

blood clotting

Factor XII activates

intrinsic

Factor X (aka Stuart Prower factor) activates

common pathway

Factor III (aka tissue factor)

extrinsic

Factor XIII strengthens the

fibrin

The regression in size of the blood clot & pulling of vessel edges together

clot retraction

Platelet contractile proteins pull on the fibrin = fibrin contracts = fibrin twists and knots form

reduced clot size

Degradation of the fibrin clot while macrophages consume the platelets

fibrinolysis

CBC

complete blood count

Proportion of your total blood volume that consists of red blood cells

hematocrit

Break down of the amount of each of five different types of WBCs

white blood count differential

Measurement of the average size of red blood cells

mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell

mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)

Calculated measurement of how concentrated

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Measurement of the variation in the size of your red blood cells

red cell distribution width (RDW)