Unit 8: Cold War and Decolonization

World War I

A global conflict from 1914 to 1918.

Gandhi’s first satyagraha

The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917, a movement led by Gandhi in India for farmer's rights.

Egyptian Revolution

A series of events leading to Egypt gaining independence in 1922, followed by the establishment of a republic under Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Suez Crisis

The 1956 conflict where Britain, France, and Israel seized control of the Suez Canal, leading to their withdrawal and Egypt retaining control.

May 4th Movement

An intellectual and sociopolitical movement in China that began on May 4, 1919, opposing the Treaty of Versailles and promoting modernization.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic depression that began in 1929.

Satyagraha

A method of nonviolent resistance led by Gandhi during the Indian independence movement.

Salt March

A nonviolent protest led by Gandhi in 1930 against the British salt tax in India.

Amritsar Massacre

A 1919 incident where British troops killed hundreds of Indian protesters, galvanizing the independence movement.

Indian National Congress

A political party in India that played a significant role in the country's struggle for independence.

Partition of India

The division of British India into two independent states, India and Pakistan, in 1947.

Marshall Plan

A U.S. initiative aimed at aiding Western European economies after WWII to prevent the spread of communism.

NATO

A military alliance established in 1949 between the U.S. and Western European countries.

Vietnam War

A conflict from 1959 to 1975 involving North Vietnam and South Vietnam, with U.S. involvement against communist forces.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A 1962 confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over missiles in Cuba.

Angolan Civil War

Conflict in Angola from 1975 to 2002, resulting from the struggle for independence from Portuguese colonial rule.

Berlin Wall

A barrier that divided East and West Berlin from 1961 until its fall in 1989, symbolizing the Cold War.