Disorders of the Muscular System

Muscular Distrophy

group of inherited muscle-destroying diseases that generally appear during childhood.

Myasthenia gravis

a disease characterized by drooping upper eyelids,difficulty swallowing and talking, and generalized muscle weakness, involves a shortage of ACh recpetors

Rigor Mortis

illustrates the fact that cross bridge detachment is ATP driven. Most muscles begin to stiffen 3 to 4 hours after death.

Parkinsons disease

neurodegenartive disorder of the basal nuclei due to insufficent secretion of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

fibromyalgia

a group of conditions involving chronic inflammation of muscles, their connective tissue coverings and tendons, and capsules of nearby joints

myalgia

muscle pain resulting from any muscle disorder

myofascial pain syndrome

pain caused by a tightened band of muscle fibers, which twitch when the skin over them is touched

myopathy

any disease o muscle

myotonic dystrophy

a form of muscular dystrophy that is less common than DMD

RICE

acronym for rest,ice, compression, elevation

Spasm

a sudden, involuntary twitch in smooth or skeletal muscle ranging from merely irritating to very painful; may be due to chemical imbalances.

Strain

commonly called a “pulled muscle” due to excessive stretching and possible tearing of a muscle due to muscle overuse or abuse

Tetanus

a stage of sustained contraction of a muscle that is a normal aspect of skeletal muscle functioning

Charley Horse

painful muscle spasm

Electromyography

recording and interpretation of the electrical activity of contracting muscles

Hernia

an abnormal protursion of an organ or tissue through the muscle or connective tissue that normally contains it

Quadriceps and hamstring strains

also called quad and hamstring pulls, these conditions involve tearing these muscles , often at or near their tendon during stretnus activity

Ruptured Calcaneal tendon

a gap seen just above the heel, and the calf buldges as the gastrocnemus and soleus are released from their insertion

shin splints

medial tibial stress syndrome, it is painull inflammation of the muscles, tendons, and connective tissues surronding the tibia

tennis elbow

tenderness due to overuse of the tendon of origin of forearm extensor muscles at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Torticollis

a condition in which the neck stays rotated to one side, keeping the head tilted in that direction