Basic Procedures Ch. 9 Vertebral Column

Ankylosing Sponylitis

Rheumatoid arthritis variant involving the sacroiliac (SI) joint and spine

Fracture

Disruption in the continuity of the bone

Clay shovelers

Avulsion fracture of the spinous process in the lower cervical and upper thoracic region

Compression

Fracture that causes compaction of the bone and a decrease in length or width

Hangmans

Fracture of the anterior arch of C2 owing to hyperextension

Jefferson

Comminuted fracture of the ring of C1

Herniated nucleus pulposus

Rupture or prolapse of the nucleus pulposus into the spinal canal

Kyphosis

Abnormally increased anterior concavity (posterior convexity) of the thoracic curvature

Lordosis

Abnormally increased anterior convexity (posterior concavity) of the cervical and lumbar spine

Metastasis

Transfer of cancerous lesion from one area to another

Osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease and vertebrae

Form of arthritis marked by progressive cartilage deterioration in synovial joints

Osteopetrosis

Increased density of atypically soft bone

Osteoporosis

Loss of bone density

Paget disease

thick, soft bone marked by bowing and fractures

Scheuermann disease or adolescent disease

Kyphosis with onset in adolescence

Scoliosis

Lateral deviation of the spine with possible vertebral rotation

Spina bifida

Failure of posterior encasement of the spinal cords to close

Spondylolisthesis

Forward displacement of a vertebra over a lower vertebra, usually L5-S1

Spondylolsis

breaking down of the vertebrae

Subluxation

Incomplete or partial dislocation

Tumor

New tissue growth where cell proliferation in uncontrolled

Multiple myeloma

Malignant neoplasm of plasma cells involving the bone marrow and causing destruction of bone