Chemical Compounds and Nomenclature

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to chemical compounds, their nomenclature, and classification.

Binary Compounds

Composed of two elements, can be divided into those containing a metal and a nonmetal, and those containing two nonmetals.

Binary Ionic Compounds

Contain positive cations and negative anions.

Main Group Metals

Metals that form only one type of cation.

Transition Group Metals

Metals that can form two or more cations with different charges.

Cation

A positively charged ion.

Anion

A negatively charged ion.

Naming Ionic Compounds

The cation is named first followed by the anion which typically ends in -ide.

Roman Numerals in Nomenclature

Used to indicate the charge of cation when naming transition metals.

Oxyanions

Polyatomic anions that contain an atom of a given element and varying numbers of oxygen atoms.

Common Polyatomic Ions

Ions composed of multiple atoms bonded covalently and have special names.

Acids

Molecules that produce H+ ions when dissolved in water.

Naming Acids with Oxygen

If the anion contains oxygen, the acid name is derived from the polyatomic ion with suffixes -ic (for -ate) and -ous (for -ite).