Greek Hellenistic Period

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33 Terms

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Hellenic

This refers to the civilization of the Hellas.

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Hellenistic

This refers to the civilization outside of the Hellas.

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Philip II of Macedonia

Who was the king of Macedonia who conquered Greece?

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338 BCE

This was the year the king of Macedonia conquered Greece.

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Alexander the Great

He was King Philip II’s son who would come to rule the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

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336 BCE

When did Alexander the Great assume the kingship from his father?

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Phalanx

This is the military strategy wherein a bod of heavily armed infantry formed in close deep ranks and files.

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  • defeating the Persian Empire

    • extending the Macedonian Empire up to the Indus Valley

Alexander the Great was responsible for:

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spreading of Hellenic culture and civilization outside of Grece

This was the impact of Alexander the Great’s conquest of the world.

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Library at Alexandria and the Colossus of Rhodes

These are the two triumphalist construction during the Greek Hellenistic Period.

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Library at Alexandria

This was a structure built in Egypt that was said to have housed all of the world’s knowledge at the time.

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Colossus of Rhodes

This was built in commemoration of the victory of the island of Rhodes against the predations of Antigonus I of Monopthalmus.

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98 foot tall

How tall was the Colossus of Rhodes?

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science and philosophy

During the Greek Hellenistic Period, an advancement of science was done and it was because of the sharper separation between _____ and _____.

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speculation and observation

During the Greek Hellenistic Period, an advancement of science was done and it was because of the sharper distinction between _____ and _____.

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Samos

He figure the distance from the Earth to the Moon as well as the Earth to the Sun.

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Samos

He speculated that the Earth is round and that it revolves around the Sun.

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Eratosthenes

He studied the inclination of the eclipse.

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Eratosthenes

He used Geometry to correctly calculate the circumference of the Earth.

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Euclid of Alexandria

He opened a school of Geometry in Alexandria and laid down the fundamental principles of Geometry and Arithmetic.

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Euclid of Alexandria

He wrote the book “Elements” which contained 465 carefully presented geometry propositions and proofs which was used worldwide well beyond the 1900s.

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Hipparchus of Nicaea

He calculated the Earth’s distance to the moon and sun and measure the exact length of the year.

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Archimedes

He computed the value of pi and discovered that levers could be used to lift heavy objects.

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Archimedes

Who said “Give me a place to stand and [a big enough lever[ and I can move the Earth.”

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Theophrastus

He described and classified plants.

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Herophilus

He dissected human bodies to observe the circulation of blood, and the nervous and muscular systems.

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Stoicism and Epicureanism

During the Greek Hellenistic Period these types of philosophy which are concerned with the right way to live emerged:

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Zeno

Who founded Stoicism?

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live in accordance with the laws of the universe and consider virtue as having mastery over one’s self

Stoicism taught that we must:

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  • by accepting the moment as it presents itself

  • by not allowing oneself to be controlled by the desire for pleasure or fear of pain

  • by using one’s mind to understand the world and to do one’s part in nature’s plan

  • by working together and treating other’s fairly and justly

According to Stoicism the path to happiness is:

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Epicurus

Who founded Epicureanism?

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the greatest good was to seek modest, sustainable pleasure in the form of a state of

tranquility and freedom from fear and the absence of bodily pain

Epicureanism teaches us that: 

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reducing pain and suffering and increasing the enjoyment of life

Epicureanism is interested in: