FTCE Prek 3 Math (1)

Multiplying/dividing by 2 negatives

When the signs are the same the answer is positive

Multiplying/dividing by 1 positives and 1 negative

When the signs are different the answer is negative

An odd number of negative signs

Produces a negative product

An even number of negative signs

Produces a positive number

Concrete Model

Teaching will involve using real objects

Semiconcrete method

Teaching will involve using visual representations or pictures

Semiabstract method

Teaching will involve using symbols, such as tally marks, to solve problems

Abstract method

Teaching will involve using symbols, operations and numerals to solve

Commutative Property

a+b=b+a or ab=ba

Associative Property

a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c

Classification

Sorting using a specific criteria

Ordering

Arranging objects by a specific quality, such as smallest to largest

Pattering

Placing objects in a perceived pattern, such as large, small, large, small

Comparing objects

Counting or one-to-one correspondence (placing 12 flowers with 6 vases and making sure each have the same amount)

Abacus

Teaches counting and place value

Computer Models

Used for running simulations when large numbers are involved in a probability exercise

Transversal

Third line which intersects two intersecting lines at the same point of intersection

Complementary angles

Occur if the sum of the measures of two angles is 90 degrees

Supplementary angles

Occur if the sum of the measures of two angles is 180 degrees

Perpendicular lines

Form right or 90 degree angles

Acute angle

Less than 90 degrees

Right angle

90 degrees

Obtuse angle

Greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

Equilateral triangle

All 3 sides the same length

Isosceles triangle

2 sides are the same length

Scalene triangle

No sides are the same length

Transitivity

Students that can arrange objects in certain orders, such as from shortest to longest or from smallest to largest

Spatial reasoning

Student is able to manipulate and transform a geometric image

Discrete quantity

The number of items that a student puts in a collection

Subitizing

Occurs when children recognize a number group without counting

Mode

Value occurring most often

Range

A measure of the spread of, or variation in, the numbers (subtracting the highest and the lowest numbers)

Distributive property of multiplication over addition

6(5 + 3) = (65) + (63)

Inverse property

a(1/a) = 1

Ordered pairs

Sets of data that can be displayed on a coordinate plane or grid (students describe the position the zoo is at)

A network

A union of points and the segments connecting them

Reasonableness

Key to converting word problems into mathematical problems

Spreadsheet

Used to collect and analyze numerical data and then sort the data in various orders

Procedural knowledge

The mental ability to use symbols in mathematics