Los Funerales de Mama Grande Science Test

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

 **explains how force can change the acceleration of the object and how the acceleration and mass of the same object are related**.

How are force and acceleration related, according to Newton’s second law?

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force and indirectly proportional to the object's mass 

What is Newton’s third law?

for every action (force) in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction. If object A exerts a force on object B, object B also exerts an equal and opposite force on object A. In other words, forces result from interactions

F=

ma

What is inertia?

Newton’s First Law, a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.

What are force pairs?

any force applied to an object will have an equal reaction force in return with the same magnitude in the opposite direction. The combination of these correlated forces is known as a force pair.

Difference betwee speed and velocity

Speed is the time rate at which an object is moving along a path, while velocity is the rate and direction of an object's movement. 

(Velocity is a vector, and rescribes direction as well as rate, while speed primarily addresses rate)

What is the formula for average speed?

displacement/time

Formula for acceleration:

change in velocity/change in time

Formula for net force:

f=ma, adding all for

How to calculate displacement

 S = Sf – Si, where S is the position of an object

How to calculate average speed

add up the total distance traveled. Then divide this by the total time spent traveling.

How to calculate distance:

Distance= speed x time

What does it look like for an object to not be moving on a d/t graph?

Straight line horizontally

How is constant speed displayed on a p/t graph?

Through the use of a straight line

A steeper line on a p/t graph indicates…

A higher speed (larger distance in shorter time)

If a line of a p/t curves upwards, the object is…

accelerating

As the line gets further away from the x axis, it…

strays from 0 in distance, strays from the starting point

In a v/t graph, a straight line means that…

acceleration is constant

The steeper a line on a v/t graph,

the faster the object is accelerating

What do curved lines on v/t graphs indicate?

More rapid acceleration

What is momentum?

the quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity

What is the formula for momentum?

momentum= mv

What is the difference between mass and weight?

The amount of substance in an object is measured in mass, whereas the force applied to it is measured in weight. The weight of a body changes if the gravitational field strength changes, however, its mass remains invariant

What factors determine weight?

The two factors that influence the weight of an object due to gravitational pull are acceleration due to gravity of the planet and the mass of the object

whats is the rate of acceleration of gravity?

9\.8m/s/s

What is terminal velocity?

the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration.

What is terminal velocity of the human body?

200 kilometers per hour

Why do items reach terminal velocity?

the force of air resistance becomes large enough to balances the force of gravity

What is the difference betweeen mechanical and nonmechanical energy?

Mechanical energy requires a medium to travel through

What is mechanical energy the sum of?

Kinetic and potential energy

Where does nonmechanical energy take place?

On an atomic level rather than being large-scale motion

How is work calculated?

Work is equal to force times displacement

Power=

Force x Distance/Time (Velocity)

How is kinetic energy calculated?

½mv2

How is GPE calculated?

mgh, where g is always 9.8 m/s/s

How is an object’s temperature related to the motion of its particles?

With an increase in temperature, the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster

What is the difference between weight and mass?

Mass is a fundamental measurement of how much matter an object contains. Weight is a measurement of the gravitational force on an object.

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Speed is the time rate at which an object is moving along a path, while velocity is the rate and direction of an object's movement.

How can an object travel at a certain speed for a certain time and have an average velocity of zero?

The average velocity of a moving object can be zero in the case of a circular path as displacement will be zero but average speed cannot be zero for a moving object.

How does the direction of an object’s acceleration affect whether it speeds up or slows down?

If acceleration points in the same direction as the velocity, the object will be speeding up.

What is inertia and how does it compare to other objects’ inertia?

The amount of inertia an object has depends on its mass - which is roughly the amount of material present in the object.

What can you determine about an object’s state of motion if all forces acting on it are balanced?

There’s no change in its motion

What is the difference between uniform and nonuniform motion?

If an object travels equal distances in equal time intervals, then its motion is said to be uniform motion. If unequal distances are travelled by an object in equal time intervals, then its motion is said to be non-uniform. Objects experiencing uniform motion do not accelerate or change direction.

What is an example of uniform motion?

 If a car covers equal distance of 500m in the interval of 2 minutes.

What is an example of nonuniform motion?

 Motion of car on a crowded road when it covers unequal distance in equal interval of time.

What is conservation of momentum?

general law of physics according to which the quantity called momentum that characterizes motion never changes in an isolated collection of objects/ the total amount of momentum in a situation never fluctuates- if one power sees loss of momentum, anothr will gain momentum