Hypoglycemia and HHS Overview

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and definitions related to hypoglycemia and hyperosmotic hyperglycemic state (HHS) including causes, symptoms, and management strategies.

Hypoglycemia

A condition characterized by an abnormally low level of blood sugar (glucose), typically defined as a blood sugar level below 70 mg/dL.

Neuroglycopenic Symptoms

Symptoms resulting from insufficient glucose supply to the brain, which may include weakness, confusion, irritability, and seizures.

Neurogenic Symptoms

Symptoms due to hormonal changes during hypoglycemia, such as shakiness, heart pounding, and anxiety.

Hyperosmotic Hyperglycemic State (HHS)

A serious condition often seen in older patients with type 2 diabetes, characterized by very high blood sugar levels, severe dehydration, and possible confusion or lethargy.

Continuous IV Insulin Infusion

A method of delivering insulin intravenously to manage high blood sugar levels effectively, often used in cases like HHS.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

A life-threatening complication of diabetes, primarily occurring in type 1 diabetes, resulting in metabolic acidosis and dehydration.

15-15 Rule

A rule for treating hypoglycemia that involves consuming 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, waiting 15 minutes, and retesting blood sugar.

Cholinergic Response

A reaction during hypoglycemia characterized by symptoms like sweating and hunger, due to the nervous system's response to low blood sugar.

Fluid Replacement

A critical intervention in treating HHS, focusing on the aggressive administration of intravenous fluids to address severe dehydration.

Electrolyte Disturbances

Imbalances in the body's salts and minerals that can occur during conditions like DKA, often requiring careful monitoring and correction.