5.2.1 Structure and Function
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8 Terms
What do receptor cells do?
Receptor cells convert a stimulus into an electrical impulse.
How is the electrical impulse transmitted to the CNS?
It travels along sensory neurons to the central nervous system (CNS).
What happens in the CNS when an impulse arrives?
The information is processed and an appropriate response is coordinated, sending an impulse along motor neurons to effectors.
What do effectors do?
Effectors carry out the response, such as muscles contracting or glands secreting hormones.
What are reflexes?
Automatic responses that happen without conscious thought to prevent harm, such as moving your hand from a hot surface.
What is a reflex arc?
A pathway that allows rapid responses by bypassing conscious areas of the brain.
What are the stages of a reflex arc?
1. Stimulus is detected by receptors. 2. Impulses travel along a sensory neuron. 3. Impulse passes to a relay neuron in the CNS. 4. Impulse is sent along a motor neuron.
Why are reflex arcs important?
They allow fast, automatic responses to protect the body from injury.
