My issue 4 impact of migration and empire on Scotland

Society - Glasgow subway

Projects such as the Glasgow Subway were tunnelled and then constructed largely by Irish immigrants improving transport across Glasgow.

Society - Catholic schools

Irish immigration had a lasting societal impact on Scottish society reflected in the creation of separate Catholic schools across most major urban centres in Scotland.

Society - Jewish synagogues

Jewish synagogues were built in Glasgow and Edinburgh changing religious worship across Scotland.

Society - John Wheatley

John Wheatley migrated to Scotland from Ireland and he set up a scheme which built around 500,000 affordable homes.

Society - Cholera outbreak

Jewish immigrants were accused of being responsible for an outbreak of Cholera in Glasgow in the late-1800s.

Society - Orange Order

Irish protestant immigrants founded the Orange Order which, through its annual parades and Orange Lodges is part of our rich and diverse culture, especially in West and Central Scotland.

Society - Irish impact on politics

Irish immigrants and their descendants had an impact on Scottish politics. The Irish were important in the Scottish Trade Union movement and the development of the Labour Party in Scotland.

Society - Lithuanians improved working conditions

Lithuanians joined the Scottish miners in bringing about improved working conditions through trade union activity.

Society - population increase

Many immigrants moved to Scotland in 1800s and early 1900s this maintained and increased Scotland's population.

Society - Irish being violent and heavily drinking

The Irish were accused of being violent and drinking too much, this was not helped by the religious battles between the Irish Catholic and Protestant.

Economy - Jewish shop keepers

Jewish immigrants were successful shop keepers in Scotland, they established Goldberg's, a shop which sold material to wholesalers.

Economy - Jewish tailors

Jewish immigrants also contributed to the Scottish economy through their successful businesses as tailors and cobblers.

Economy - Irish constructing Forth Rail Bridge

The construction of the Forth Rail Bridge in the late 1800s was predominantly constructed by the Irish workforce.

Economy - Irish jobs

As navvies, dock workers, shipbuilders, labourers and jute and cotton mill workers, the Irish were right at the heart of Scotland's economic and industrial development and their importance is hard to overstate.

Economy - Glasgow Subway (Irish)

Projects such as the Glasgow Subway were tunnelled and then constructed largely by Irish immigrants, improving transport in the city and economic opportunities.

Economy - Lithuanians in coal industry

Lithuanian immigration contributed to the economic development of Scotland mainly through employment in the coal industry.

Economy - Italian cafes

Italian families contributed to the growing leisure industry. In 1903 there were 89 cafés in Glasgow, growing to 336 by 1905.

Economy - strikebreakers

Some Scots saw the immigrants as Strikebreakers who would drive down the wages for all workers in Scotland, as well as taking their jobs.

Culture - Irish Catholic football teams

In sport, Irish Catholic immigrants were responsible for founding the football teams Celtic, Hibernian and Dundee United. This helped football develop into Scotland's national sport.

Culture - football clubs raising money

With the introduction of the new football clubs, they raised money for charities such as funding soup kitchens in Scotland.

Culture - Italian impact on fashion

Italian immigration also had an impact on fashion as many worked as barbers and hairdressers.

Culture - Italian ice cream parlours

When Italians migrated to Scotland, they set up ice cream parlours, such as Luca's and Nardini's.

Culture - Irish immigrants crime rates and drinking

The influx of Irish immigrants to Scotland can be argued to have increased crime rates as they were accused of drinking too much and being violent.

Culture - Irish music

The Irish, both Catholic and Protestant, have also enriched Scottish culture with their music, whether it be marching bands or more traditional Celtic music.

Culture - Italian cafes and temperance groups

Italian cafes attracted support from temperance groups who saw the ice cream parlours as a real and attractive alternative to the alcoholic temptations of the public house.

Culture - Scotland names changed

Scotland names changed in 1830-1930s- some Irish married Scots which increase Irish names such as O'Connell.

Impact of Empire - brain drain

Due to opportunities in the Empire, many talented and skilled Scots migrated to the colonies, historians call this the 'brain drain'.

Impact of Empire - jute industry

The jute industry in Bangladesh overtook Dundee as it could produce jute cheaper as wage levels were much lower in the Empire compared to Scotland and the Empire created competition for Scottish goods.

Impact of Empire - rapid population growth

Scotland's population grew rapidly during the industrial revolution mass emigration to the colonies helped to deal with overcrowding.

Impact of Empire - trade created money

With trade in the empire created money for Scots, William Weir made his money from trade in the Empire in the coal and iron industries and was said to be worth £2 million before 1914.

Impact of Empire - structurally weak economy

Trade within the Empire had propped up a structurally weak Scottish economy for many years and, when there was a worldwide economic downturn in the 1920s and 1930s, it failed.

Impact of Empire - Clyde shipyard

In 1914 the Clyde shipyards in Glasgow built almost a fifth of the world's total output that went to countries such as India, Canada and New Zealand, creating jobs for many Scots.

Impact of Empire - market for Scottish goods

The Empire created a market for Scottish goods, with factories across Scotland built train engines that went to India. Heavy industries of Scotland exported a high proportion of their products creating wealth for many businesses.

Impact of Empire - Scottish banks

Scottish banks benefitted as they loaned money to Scottish and foreign companies to develop their businesses and many significant profits from this.

Impact of Empire - Scots joined military

Many Scots joined Britain's military and navy and were posted around the world to protect Britain's Empire.