* Slang for police officer, less respectful - connotes sleaze * Negative connotations of colloquial term * Dangerous, potentially violent life
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Themes
* Dehumanizing nature of violence (violence is common) * Isolation/emotional detachment/duality/conflict * Inevitability of violence * Danger
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Stanza 1 quotes
* âBuilt like a gorilla but less timid,â * âthick-fleshed, steak-colouredâ * âtwo hieroglyphs in his face that mean troubleâ * âwalks the sidewalk and the thin tissue over violenceâ * âwhen he said, âSee you, babeâ to his wifeâ * âhe hoped it, he truly hoped it.â
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âBuilt like a gorilla but less timid,â
* Simile demonstrates policemanâs size and physical potential * Imposing figure with a formidable presence * lack of intelligence, potential for violence * Gorillas in themselves are already not timid, this emphasises the sense of threat
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âthick-fleshed, steak-colouredâ
* Size, physically tough, dehumanizing, emotionally strong/strong will power * Pink face/skin, showing race and maybe alcoholism or weight * Comparing the man to meat, something raw and uncompromising, possible connotations of blood and violence
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âtwo hieroglyphs in his face that mean troubleâ
* Metaphor for the policemanâs eyes. Presents his eyes as symbols that are difficult to read. Instead of his eyes showing inner emotion they only mean one thing - trouble * Additionally could suggest scars, indicative of violence. Or old deep set eyes
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âwalks the sidewalk and the thin tissue over violenceâ
* Metaphor - shows the barrier to violence is delicate and therefore fragile, showing the policeman could easily descend into violence * Alliteration & assonance - sounds like tearing, emphasises fragility * This tells us that violence is never far away in the streets that the man patrols - like tissue, peace is fragile, delicate and can tear at any moment * Creates strong contrast to âthick-fleshedâ, suggesting the importance of the cop in preventing the thin tissue of civilisation from ripping open into disorder
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âwhen he said, âSee you, babeâ to his wife, he hoped it, he truly hoped it.â
* Colloquial language the cop uses sounds cliched and thoughtless. However, the rest of the phrase shows the vulnerability that his role in society brings * Repetition âhoped itâ * Stresses the danger of his environment, hinting at desperation and contrasting with the casual dialogue between the policeman and his wife. * Makes the reader feel empathy for the copâs vulnerability
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Stanza 2 quotes
* âHe is a gorillaâ * âto whom âHiya, honeyâ is no cliche.â * âShould the tissue tear, should he plunge through/into violence,â * âwhat clubbings, what gunshots between Phoebeâs Whamburger and Louieâs Place.â
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âHe is a gorillaâ
* Juxtaposition with the vulnerability of âhoped itâ - empathy clashes with the idea that he is violent and threatening * Repeats the gorilla image - this time instead of a simile a metaphor is used making the comparison stronger as he is no longer like a gorilla but is one
For him this is a genuine loving greeting to his wife. He is truly grateful to make it home safely each day, and is grateful for the solace that can be found at home
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âShould the tissue tear, should he plunge through/into violence, what clubbings, what gunshots between Phoebeâs Whamburger and Louieâs Place.â
* Long sentence structure reflects the range of possibilities and challenges that the policeman may face at any given moment * Repetition of what suggests uncertainty - the possible violence the cop faces is unknown. Also demonstrates to the reader the severity of the violence that he has to face
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âShouldâ
Repetition of a modal verb - suggests possibility, not guaranteed - creates uncertainty
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âShould the tissue tearâ
* Extended metaphor - reiterates the likelihood of violence * âtearâ WC - suggests sharp pain * âtissue tearâ alliteration - creates a quick phrase that implies a sudden act
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âshould he plunge through/into violence,â
* WC âplungeâ - implies that violence can be abrupt and uncontrollable * Enjambment parallels of plunging and new line
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âwhat clubbings, what gunshots,â
* WC âclubbingsâ - brutal, painfully slow, personal, visceral. Suggests strength of the police officer * WC âgunshotsâ - colder, detached, almost certain death, a singular action rather than repeated
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âbetween Phoebeâs Whamburger and Louieâs Place.â
* These locations are not glamorous and sound cheap, even dodgy and could be places where criminals hang out. * âWhamâ in Whamburger could be used to suggest violence as it has connotations of a comic book punch * The language helps root the poem in New York. âWhamburgerâ has American connotations and in American speech it is fairly common to refer to a building as someoneâs place
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Stanza 3 and 4 quotes
* âWho would be him, gorilla with a nightstick, whose home is a place/he might, this time, never get back to?â
* âand who would be who have to be his victims?â
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âWho would be him, gorilla with a nightstickâŠ?â
* RQ - appeal for empathy * ânightstickâ refers to the baton he carries and re-enforces his vulnerability against the power of the clubbings and gunshots that are referred to in the previous stanza * The nightstick suggests a more basic and direct physical violence than a gun might * Contrast/juxtaposition - conflicting reader response, empathy followed by reminder of threat
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whose home is a place/he might, this time, never get back to?
* RQ - designed to challenge the reader to consider whether or not they would be able to do his job * Parenthesis âthis timeâ - reminder of risk and how frequent and unpredictable the danger is
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âAnd who would be who have to be his victims?â
* WC progression âwouldâ to âhaveâ - writer corrects himself from a possibility to an inevitability * RQ - consider utility, value and effectiveness of law enforcement