Introductory Sociology: Health and Illness

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on health and illness in sociology, focusing on medical sociology, health transitions, life expectancy, healthcare access, and ethical dilemmas.

What is the focus of medical sociology?

Medical sociology studies social influences on sickness and health.

How did health outcomes change from primitive societies to the early 20th century?

Primitive people primarily died from infectious diseases, while the early 20th century saw the introduction of vaccines and antibiotics, shifting focus to chronic illnesses.

What does the Epidemiological Transition refer to?

It refers to the shift from acute contagious diseases to chronic illnesses.

What is the relationship between resources and life expectancy?

Those with more resources typically live longer due to better access to healthcare and preventative treatments.

What is a food desert?

A food desert is an area with no access to fresh fruits and vegetables within a mile, often resulting in reliance on fast food.

Who tends to have a lower life expectancy, and what recent trend is noted among working-class whites?

Persons of color generally have lower life expectancy, and working-class whites have seen a decline in life expectancy due to issues like opioid addiction.

How do stress levels affect health?

Chronic stress is harder to manage and can lead to more detrimental health outcomes.

What is a significant cause of bankruptcy in the US related to health care?

Medical bills are the most frequent cause of bankruptcy.

What major legislation aims to improve healthcare access in the US?

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare) of 2010.

What ethical questions arise regarding alternative medicine?

The resurgence of alternative medicine raises ethical questions, particularly concerning assisted suicide.