⋆˙⟡ science equations .ᐟ

- All equations needed for science!

kinetic energy !

0.5 x mass x (speed x speed)

elastic potential energy !

0.5 x spring constant x (extension x extension)

gravitational potential energy !

mass x height x gravitational potential strength

change in thermal energy !

mass x temp change x specific heat capacity

thermal energy for a change of state !

mass x specific latent heat

charge flow !

current x time

efficiency !

useful output energy / total input energy

density !

mass / volume

weight !

mass x gravitational field strength

work done !

force x distance

(for gases only) constant !

pressure x volume

force !

spring constant x extension

pressure !

force normal to a surface / area of that surface

pressure due to a column of liquid !

height of column x density of liquid x gravitational field strength

power (1)

energy transferred

power (2) !

work done / time

power (3) !

potential difference x current

power (4) !

(current x current) x resistance

distance travelled !

speed x time

acceleration !

change in velocity / time taken

(final velocity x final velocity) - (initial velocity x initial velocity) !

2 x acceleration x distance

momentum !

mass x velocity

period !

1 / frequency

force !

change in momentum / time taken

wave speed !

frequency x wavelength

resultant force !

mass x acceleration

potential difference across primary coil x current in primary coil !

number of turns in primary coil / number of turns in secondary primary coil

potential difference across primary coil / current in primary coil !

potential difference across secondary coil x current in secondary coil

force on a conductor (at aright angles to a magnetic field) carrying a current !

magnetic flux density x current x length