Ch 10 Lesson 4--Acids, Bases, and Salts

acid

a substance that releases hydrogen ions in water.

base

a substance that releases hydroxide ions in water.

ion

an atom or group with an electric charge.

hydrogen ion

a positively charged particle released by acids in water.

hydronium ion

a charged particle made when hydrogen joins water molecules.

hydroxide ion

a negatively charged particle released by bases in water.

litmus paper

paper that changes color to show acid or base.

indicator

a substance that changes color to test solutions.

natural indicator

a plant-based material that shows acids and bases.

universal indicator

a mixture of dyes that shows many pH levels.

pH scale

a number scale showing how acidic or basic something is.

neutral

neither acidic nor basic, with pH of 7.

acidic solution

a mixture with more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions.

basic solution

a mixture with more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions.

acidity

how strongly an acid behaves in water.

alkalinity

how strongly a base behaves in water.

neutralization

a reaction where an acid and base form water.

electrolyte

a substance that forms ions in water and conducts electricity.

conduct electricity

to allow electric current to pass through a material.

hydrogen gas

a gas that can form when acids react with metals.