DNA extraction lab

Why is alcohol used during DNA extraction, and why is DNA insoluble in alcohol?

DNA is polar and alcohol is less polar, so by reducing the solubility of DNA it clumps together and precipitates out of solution.

Why is detergent added during DNA extraction from cheek cells?

Detergent dissolves the lipid bilayer (lysing), allowing DNA to escape the cell

What role does salt play in the DNA extraction process?

Salt neutralizes charges on DNA and proteins, helping DNA aggregate and precipitate

Which part of the cheek cell contains the DNA being extracted?

The nucleus of cheek cells contains the DNA

If protease is used, what is its function in DNA extraction?

Protease digests proteins bound to DNA, giving a purer DNA sample

What is a primary technical limitation of extracting DNA from mature red blood cells?

Mature RBCs lack nuclei, so they contain very little intact genomic DNA to extract