HSC 214 exit quiz 12

Ascending aorta

Area supplied: Body

Terminal branch: Aortic arch

Relationship: Immediately extending superiorly from the heart

Right coronary artery

Area supplied: Right and left ventricles, right atrium, and interventricular septum

Terminal branch: Posterior interventricular and right marginal arteries

Relationship: Passes between the pulmonary trunk and right auricle

Left coronary artery

Area supplied: Right and left ventricles, left atrium, and interventricular septum

Terminal branch: Anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

Relationship: Passes between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle

Aortic arch

Area supplied: Systemic circulation

Terminal branch: Thoracic (descending) aorta

Relationship: Gives rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries

Thoracic aorta

Area supplied: Lungs, thoracic wall, and body above the diaphragm

Terminal branch: Abdominal aorta

Relationship: Located on the left side of the posterior mediastinum in the thoracic cavity

Abdominal aorta

Area supplied: Everything below the diaphragm

Terminal branch: Right and left common iliac arteries

Relationship: Passes along the anterior aspect of the vertebral bodies

Brachiocephalic trunk artery

Area supplied: Right side of the head, neck, and upper arm

Terminal branch: Right common carotid and right subclavian arteries

Relationship: First branch of the aortic arch

Right common carotid artery

Area supplied: Right side of the head and neck

Terminal branch: Right internal and external carotid arteries

Relationship: Bifurcates at the level of the thyroid gland

Right subclavian artery

Area supplied: Right side of the neck, chest, upper arm

Terminal branch: Right axillary artery

Relationship: Passes under (sub-) the clavicle and between the scalene muscles

Left common carotid artery

Area supplied: Left side of the head and neck

Terminal branch: Left internal and external carotid arteries

Relationship: Bifurcates at the level of the thyroid gland

Left subclavian artery

Area supplied: Left side of the head, neck, brain, chest, upper arm

Terminal branch: Left axillary artery

Relationship: Passes under (sub-) the clavicle and between the scalene muscles

External carotid artery

Area supplied: Face, meninges, and neck structures

Terminal branch: Superficial and temporal arteries

Relationship: Anterior branch of the common carotid artery

Internal carotid artery

Area supplied: Eye, cerebrum, cerebral arterial circle

Terminal branch: Anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Relationship: Posterior branch of the common carotid artery. Enters the cranial cavity through the carotid canal

Vertebral artery

Area supplied: Brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column

Terminal branch: Basilar artery

Relationship: Originates from each subclavian artery. Passes through the transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

Basilar artery

Area supplied: Pons and cerebellum

Terminal branch: Cerebral arterial circle

Relationship: Midline vessel that ascends on the anterior surface of the pons

Cerebral arterial circle (circle of willis)

Area supplied: Brain by many branches off circle

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Circular anastomosis on the ventral surface of the brain is supplied by left and right internal carotid and basilar arteries

Axillary artery

Area supplied: Pectoral and scapular regions

Terminal branch: Brachial artery

Relationship: Begins at the 1st rib and ends at the teres minor muscle

Brachial artery

Area supplied: Arm muscles and elbow joint

Terminal branch: Radial and ulnar arteries

Relationship: Passes inferiorly along the medial aspect of the arm deep to the biceps brachii muscle

Radial artery

Area supplied: Superficial posterior forearm muscles, deep hand muscles, and elbow joint

Terminal branch: Continues as the deep palmar arterial arch

Relationship: Passes distally along the lateral aspect of the forearm

Deep palmar arch

Area supplied: Hand

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Arches in the palm over the bases of the metacarpal bones to unite with a branch of the ulnar artery

Ulnar artery

Area supplied: Medial forearm muscles, hand muscles, and elbow joint

Terminal branch: Continues as the superficial palmar arterial arch

Relationship: Passes distally along the medial aspect of the forearm

Superfical palmar arch

Area supplied: Hand

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Arches in the palm over the middle of the metacarpal bones to unite with a branch of the radial artery

Thoracic (descending) aorta

Area supplied: Thoracic cavity

Terminal branch: Abdominal aorta

Relationship: Located on the left side of the posterior mediastinum in the thoracic cavity

Posterior intercostal artery

Area supplied: Thoracic and abdominal walls, breast, spinal cord, and meninges

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Sits in the costal groove of the ribs

Abdominal aorta

Area supplied: Abdominopelvic cavity

Terminal branch: Common iliac arteries

Relationship: Passes along the anterior aspect of the vertebral bodies

Celiac trunk

Area supplied: Esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen

Terminal branch: Left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries

Relationship: Superior-most anterior branch of the abdominal aorta

Left gastric artery

Area supplied: Stomach and esophagus

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Short branch passing along the lesser curvature of the stomach

Common hepatic artery

Area supplied: Liver, pancreas, stomach, gallbladder, and duodenum

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Branch passing anterior and to the right to enter the lesser omentum

Splenic artery

Area supplied: Spleen, pancreas, and stomach

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: "Snake-like" branch passing left along the superior border of the pancreas

Superior mesentreric artery

Area supplied: Small intestines, pancreas, cecum, appendix, ascending and transverse colon

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Middle anterior branch of the abdominal aorta immediately inferior to the celiac trunk

Renal artery

Area supplied: Kidneys, ureter, and adrenal glands

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Lateral branches of the abdominal aorta

Inferior mesenteric artery

Area supplied: Transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Inferior-most anterior branch of the abdominal aorta

Common iliac artery

Area supplied: Pelvis, posterior abdominal wall, perineum, and lower limb

Terminal branch: External and internal iliac arteries

Relationship: Terminal branches of the abdominal aorta

External iliac artery

Area supplied: Lower limb and abdominal wall

Terminal branch: Femoral artery

Relationship: Descends laterally along the medial border of the psoas major muscle

Internal iliac artery

Area supplied: Pelvis, posterior abdominal wall, perineum, and gluteal region

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Descends deep and posterior into the pelvis

Femoral artery

Area supplied: Abdominal wall, thigh muscles, external genitalia, and hip and knee joints

Terminal branch: Popliteal artery

Relationship: Descends along the anterior and medial thigh in the inguinal triangle

Popliteal artery

Area supplied: Knee joint

Terminal branch: Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Relationship: Deepest structure in the popliteal fossa

Anterior tibial artery

Area supplied: Anterior compartment leg muscles

Terminal branch: Dorsalis pedis artery

Relationship: First branch of the popliteal artery descending deep to the tibialis anterior muscle

Dorsalis pedis artery

Area supplied: Dorsum and plantar foot muscles

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Location of the foot pulse where the artery crosses the ankle

Posterior tibial artery

Area supplied: Posterior compartment leg muscles

Terminal branch: Medial and lateral plantar arteries

Relationship: Continuation of the popliteal artery descending through the posterior lef to the ankle

Fibular artery

Area supplied: Lateral compartment leg muscles and the flexor hallucis longus muscle

Terminal branch: N/A

Relationship: Descends through the deep compartment of the posterior leg

Superior vena cava

Area drained: Upper limb, head, and neck

Drains into: Right atrium of the heart

Relationship: Formed by the union of the left and right brachiocephalic veins

Brachiocephalic vein

Area drained: Upper limb, head, and neck

Drains into: Superior vena cava

Relationship: Left brachiocephalic vein is longer than the right

Subclavian vein

Area drained: Upper limb and neck

Drains into: Brachiocephalic vein

Relationship: Unites with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

External jugular vein

Area drained: Scalp and face

Drains into: Subclavian vein

Relationship: Superficial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Vertebral vein

Area drained: Neck

Drains into: Subclavian vein

Relationship: Passes through the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae

Internal jugular vein

Area drained: Brain, face, and neck

Drains into: Brachiocephalic vein

Relationship: Unites with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein. Deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Axillary vein

Area drained: Pectoral, shoulder, and scapular regions

Drains into: Subclavian vein

Relationship: Continues as the subclavian vein at the lateral border of the first rib

Basilic vein

Area drained: Superficial structures of the medial and dorsal hand, forearm, and arm

Drains into: Axillary vein

Relationship: Ascends on the medial aspect of the arm superficial to the muscles

Median cubital vein

Area drained: Superficial forearm

Drains into: Basilic vein

Relationship: Connects the basilic and cephalic veins together across the cubital fossa. Use frequently for drawing blood

Cephalic vein

Area drained: Superficial structures of the lateral and dorsal hand, forearm, and arm

Drains into: Axillary vein

Relationship: Ascends on the lateral aspect of the arm superficial to the muscles. Passes between the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

Brachial vein

Area drained: Arm muscles and elbow joint

Drains into: Axillary vein

Relationship: Located deep to the muscles of the arm

Radial vein

Area drained: Lateral aspect of the forearm

Drains into: Brachial vein

Relationship: Located deep to the muscles on the lateral aspect of the forearm

Ulnar vein

Area drained: Medial aspect of the forearm

Drains into: Brachial vein

Relationship: Located deep to the muscles on the medial aspect of the forearm

Inferior vena cava

Area drained: Everything inferior to the diaphragm, except the posterior abdominal wall

Drains into: Right atrium

Relationship: Large vein of the body

Hepatic vein

Area drained: Liver

Drains into: Inferior vena cava

Relationship: Transports deoxygenated blood back to the inferior vena cava after being detoxified by the liver

Renal vein

Area drained: Kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, and testis/ovaries

Drains into: Inferior vena cava

Relationship: Passes medially from the kidney to enter the inferior vena cava. Left renal vein is longer than the right

Common iliac vein

Area drained: Internal and external iliac veins

Drains into: Inferior vena cava

Relationship: At the bifurcation of the inferior vena cava

Internal iliac vein

Area drained: Pelvis, perineum, gluteal region, and posterior abdominal wall

Drains into: Common iliac vein

Relationship: Ascends along the lateral pelvis

External iliac vein

Area drained: Lower limb and anterior abdominal wall

Drains into: Common iliac vein

Relationship: Begins above the inguinal ligament

Hepatic portal vein

Area drained: Digestive tract, esophagus, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder

Drains into: Liver

Relationship: Formed by the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and splenic veins. Passes behind the pancreas to enter the inferior side of the liver

Femoral vein

Area drained: Thigh muscles, external genitalia, and hip joint

Drains into: External iliac vein

Relationship: Most medial structure in the inguinal region passing through the inguinal ligament

Great saphenous vein

Area drained: Dorsum of foot and medial leg and thigh

Drains into: Femoral vein

Relationship: Longest vein in the body. Ascends on the superficial and medial aspect of the leg and thigh

Dorsal venous arch vein

Area drained: Toes and dorsum of foot

Drains into: Great saphenous vein

Relationship: Also known as the dorsalis pedis vein

Politeal vein

Area drained: Knee joint

Drains into: Femoral vein

Relationship: Lies in the popliteal fossa. Formed by the union of posterior and anterior tibial veins and passes through adductor magnus muscle to become femoral vein

Posterior tibial vein

Area drained: Posterior leg muscles

Drains into: Popliteal vein

Relationship: Passes down the entire length of the posterior leg

Fibular vein

Area drained: Lateral compartment of the leg and the flexor hallucis longus muscle

Drains into: Posterior tibial vein

Relationship: Stays on the posterior aspect of the leg

Anterior tibial vein

Area drained: Anterior compartment of leg

Drains into: Popliteal vein

Relationship: Passes between the tibia and fibula to the anterior side of the leg