PNUR104 - W9 D1 & 2 : Nutrition
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25 Terms
What are the main functions of food in the body?
provides energy, builds/repairs tissues, prevents disease, helps with recovery, holds cultural meaning
Define digestion
The breakdown of food into usable nutrients
What is aspiration?
When food/fluid enters the lungs instead of the stomach
What is dysphagia?
difficulty swallowing
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
energy the body needs at rest to maintain vital functions
What is resting energy expenditure (REE)?
calories needed at rest to maintain life processes
What is anabolism?
building up body tissues
What is catabolism?
breaking down body tissues into simpler substances
NAS means…
No Added Salt
NPO means…
Nothing By Mouth
DAT means…
diet as needed
What does glycemic index measure?
How fast carbs raise blood glucose
Why are low-GI foods encouraged to patients?
It helps with a slower rise in blood glucose
Why are high-GI foods not encouraged?
Causes high blood sugar spikes
What are the types of carbs
simple, complex, soluble, insoluble, saccharides (mono, di)
What are complementary proteins?
2 incomplete proteins = complete amino acid
What is nitrogen balance?
Relationship between nitrogen intake and output
What types of fats?
saturated, unsaturated, monosaturated, polyunsaturated, trans fats, triglycerides
What do minerals do?
Act as a catalyst (breakdown) for biochemical reactions
“Energy in” vs “energy out” refers to
Calories consumed vs REE (energy used)
What are some nutrition concerns from the Indigenous community?
Limited access to traditional foods, food insecurity
Common nutrition concerns for the older adults:
difficulty chewing, loneliness, lowered glucose tolerance, appetite loss, limited income, decreased bowel/gastric emptying
Normal adult fluid intake per day
2,200 - 2,700 mL/day
What does the Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool (CNST) assess?
Weight loss & poor intake
when there’s 2 Yes answers, the patient is at high risk
What is anemia?
a problem of not having enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the body's tissues
Note 
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