box notes for quiz 1-11

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monarchs

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34 Terms
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monarchs

when some commanders became full time rulers

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polytheistic religion

believing many gods control nature

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cuneiform

system of 700 symbols that represented sounds, objects, and ideas. Written on Clay tablets.

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ziggurats

temples to the gods (architecture)

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hammurabi's law code

282 laws dealing with all aspects of society: family relations, business conduct, crime. The Code applied to everyone but had different punishments for different classes of people.

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dynasties

families who pass power from generation to generation

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pharaohs

Kings that were considered gods

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theocracy

When kings are the center of government and religion

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ra

the sun god

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osiris

The Egyptian god responsible for life, death and rebirth - also known as the God of the Afterlife

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mummified

to preserve the body and put into tombs with his belongings

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book of the dead

contained prayers to go to next life

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hieroglphics

pictures representing ideas (writing system)

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papyrus

reeds that grew near the Nile (paper)

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rosetta stone

stone had 3 languages on it including Egyptian Hieroglyphics and Greek

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hieratic script

Everyday Egyptian writing

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city states

included a city, farms, and the villages around the city

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ur, uruk, eridu

considered to be some of the world’s first cities

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animal sacrifice

sacrificing animals to the gods to ensure good growing seasons

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social classes

Highest: Priests and Kings, wealthy merchants, laborers and common people; slaves, atriarchal society

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amorites

Nomadic warriors that invaded Mesopotamia

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hammurabi

a ruler of the Amorites

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babylon

the capital of the Amorites in Mesopotamia

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assyrians

Civilization (2500 - 605BCE). Empire included Mesopotamia, parts of present day Iran, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.

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nineveh

the capital of the assyrians

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chaldeans and medes

(people from the east) united and overthrew the Assyrians

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assyrian military innovation

Well disciplined army, Iron weapons, chariots used as platforms to shoot arrows. Infantry and cavalry used together (new strategy)

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menses

united upper and lower Egypt into one and established the 1st dynasty

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memphis

capital of menses

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pyramids

places to honor and bury their god-kings (built during the king’s life to show strength in his dynasty)

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old kingdom

Egyptian period/dynasty (pyramids built during this time)

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egyptian women

had the ability to own property, testify in court, and begin the divorce process

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the hyskos

were able to invade and defeat the Egyptians because they had better tools and horse drawn chariots (1500s BCE)

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geometry

used to survey the land after floods

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