Studied by 56 PeopleTags & Description
monarchs
when some commanders became full time rulers
polytheistic religion
believing many gods control nature
cuneiform
system of 700 symbols that represented sounds, objects, and ideas. Written on Clay tablets.
ziggurats
temples to the gods (architecture)
hammurabi's law code
282 laws dealing with all aspects of society: family relations, business conduct, crime. The Code applied to everyone but had different punishments for different classes of people.
dynasties
families who pass power from generation to generation
pharaohs
Kings that were considered gods
theocracy
When kings are the center of government and religion
ra
the sun god
osiris
The Egyptian god responsible for life, death and rebirth - also known as the God of the Afterlife
mummified
to preserve the body and put into tombs with his belongings
book of the dead
contained prayers to go to next life
hieroglphics
pictures representing ideas (writing system)
papyrus
reeds that grew near the Nile (paper)
rosetta stone
stone had 3 languages on it including Egyptian Hieroglyphics and Greek
hieratic script
Everyday Egyptian writing
city states
included a city, farms, and the villages around the city
ur, uruk, eridu
considered to be some of the world’s first cities
animal sacrifice
sacrificing animals to the gods to ensure good growing seasons
social classes
Highest: Priests and Kings, wealthy merchants, laborers and common people; slaves, atriarchal society
amorites
Nomadic warriors that invaded Mesopotamia
hammurabi
a ruler of the Amorites
babylon
the capital of the Amorites in Mesopotamia
assyrians
Civilization (2500 - 605BCE). Empire included Mesopotamia, parts of present day Iran, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.
nineveh
the capital of the assyrians
chaldeans and medes
(people from the east) united and overthrew the Assyrians
assyrian military innovation
Well disciplined army, Iron weapons, chariots used as platforms to shoot arrows. Infantry and cavalry used together (new strategy)
menses
united upper and lower Egypt into one and established the 1st dynasty
memphis
capital of menses
pyramids
places to honor and bury their god-kings (built during the king’s life to show strength in his dynasty)
old kingdom
Egyptian period/dynasty (pyramids built during this time)
egyptian women
had the ability to own property, testify in court, and begin the divorce process
the hyskos
were able to invade and defeat the Egyptians because they had better tools and horse drawn chariots (1500s BCE)
geometry
used to survey the land after floods