Piretti guide pages 1-7

What is the role of the glass tube?

Maintain a _______.so_____doesn’t interfere with cat/anode intereactions. The glass envelope also provides_______support and _________ for the cathode and anode

vacuum

hot

structural

insulation

What is the role of the structural housing of tube?

________support for the components

holds the ______which cools the tube

Shields tech and others from________

structural

oil

radiation

What two different types of anodes are there?

What three types of materials are used in anodes?

stationary and rotating

Tungsten, molybdenum, rhodium-Tongue My Rectum

Why is tungsten used in anode? (3 reasons)

High atomic number

Makes many characteristic xrays

high melting point

a decreases in anode angle = an inc/dec of anode heel effect?

increase

what is heat unit formula?

MAs x kVp x M(phase multiplier, 1.4 for anything above single phase)

what is the first transformer in the xray circuit

What does it do?

Allows tech to control_______

The Autotrans operates with what kind of induction?

auto

voltage

self

step or step down trannies use what kind of induction?

magnetic or mutual

which part of the xray circuit operates off DC current?

the tube

The reheostate is a variable______

It controls the amount of_______going into the_________of the tube

resistor

current, filament

Reciprocity Law

Different combinations of ______and______can yield the same expsoure

mAs, time

Backup timer is usually set to ___to____% of optimal exposure time

150, 200

Typical AEC response time is ______to______milliseconds

1,5

density controls control the _______of AEC cells

sensitivity

Grids should be used on parts greater than ____cm thick

10

What does this mnemonic describe? What are the elements?

Photos of Conductors Stimulate my Rod

CR plate

Photostimulable Phosphor

Conductive Layer

Support Layer

Reflective layer

what does the conductive layer of the CR plate do?

What does the reflective layer do?

Reduce static electricity

Refelects light emitted from excited electrons back to reader

In CR what color is the light emitted when laser hits excited electrons?

blue

In CR the photomultiplier amplifies light given off by the _______when it is scanned by the ___________

plate, laser

CR plates are erased by exposure to

light

what causes ghost images on a cr?

incomplete erasure

how long can a latent image stay on a cr plate?

24 hrs

how does a moire effect happen on a CR plate

When grid lines are parallel to scanning pattern

Direct radiography is more common in______than other xrays

mammography DDirect - Boobs

Dynamic range is the span of X-ray ______ _______ that a digital image receptor can faithfully capture and produce a diagnostically acceptable image.

Exposure latitude is the range of exposure withing the dynamic range that produces a _______image at an_______dose

exposure values

quality, appropriate

quantization is the process of converting analog xray signal into______info

digital

Histogram VOI (Value of Interest) are the values in the histo that correpsond to the _______of interest

anatomy

Rescaling is the process of ______analysis and utilization of a _____to adjust the ______ and_______of an image

histogram, LUT, brightness, contrast

flat fielding is a a process that corrects for inconsistencies in the response, ensuring a uniform image brightness

detector’s

Equalization spreads grayscale values more________across the histogram

evenly

The fuck does DICOM stand for

PACS?

EMR is used within

EHR can be______with other places

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine

Picture Archiving and Comms System

the hospital

shared

Short scale contrast = high/low contrast

Short scale is associated with low/high kvp?

Wide window width = long/short scale contrast which = low/high con

high, less grayscale values

low

long, low

tighter collimation means more contrast because _______is reduced

scatter

filtertration absorbs_____energy xrays, therfore improves/fucks up contrast

improves

window level affects overall _______of the image

brightness

(DQE) is a measure of how efficiently a detector in digital radiography translates incident x-ray photons into an _____ with a high _____ ______ _____ ______

image, SNR

a small focal spot results in pless p_________ blur

penubral

linearity - exposure stays the same given the same mAs but different combos of______and______

reproducibility - repeated exposures look the same at the same ______, ______and______

mA, time

ma, S, kVp

what kvp is rec’d for iodinated contrast

barium

100-120

90-100

Air Kerma is measured by the number of ________air mols

ionized air molecules

which dosi uses lithium fluoride

which uses ALuminim Oxide?

TLD

OSL

which dosi uses heat and which uses a fuckin laser?

TLD “Thermo….”

OSL “Optical”

where do you wear a fetal dosi to protect your stupid baby?

waist level under your fuckin apron

M stands for ________the dose recorded ws under the ______recordable dose

minimal, minimal

Half value layer is the thickness of material required to reduce radiation level to _____its value

half

Lead thickness reqs for protective equip.

1. Lead Gloves

2. Aprons & thyroid

3. Lead Glasses

4. Protective Curtain (fluoro)

5. Bucky Slot Cover (fluoro)

.75

.5mm

.5

.25

.25

Where is a primary barrier and how thick should it be”?

how thick should secondary be?

right in front of primary beam, fuck ass 1/8” to 1/4”

1/8” to 1/16”

hoow much is the fuck ass minimum thickness of filtration req’d for 70 kvp, NCRP 102 fuck off rule

1.5 mm alugoddaminum

max Ma for fluoro is 2, 5, 4, 10 mA

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