2A: temperature fundamentals
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11 Terms
energy
a quantity describing the ability to cause a physical change (scalar)
internal energy
the total energy associated with the random motion of particles and the interactions between the particles within a system
kinetic energy
the energy associated with the motion of an object
particle
a small, discrete object
potential energy
the energy associated with the position of an object in the presence of a force that could move the object
state of matter
the physical property of an object being either a solid, liquid, or a gas
system
a collection of interacting particles or objects
temperature
a measure of the average translational kinetic energy of the particles in a system (scalar)
thermal energy
the kinetic energy associated with the movement of microscopic particles
thermal equilibrium
the state of two (or more) systems having the same temperature so that there is no net flow of thermal energy from one system to the other
converting Celsius to Kelvin
Tk = Tc + 273.15