CH 3: Activity 2: Acids, Bases, pH

Acid

A substance that increases the hydrogen (H+) ion concentration of a solution.

Acid Rain

Rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water.

Base

A substance that increases the hydroxide (OH-) ions concentration of a solution.

Binary Acid

An acid that contains only two different elements, hydrogen (H+) and one of the more electronegative elements (Cl-).

Corrosive

The way in which acids react with some metals so as to eat away the metal.

Hydrogen Ion

A positively charged ion formed when a hydrogen atoms loses its electron (H+).

Hydroxide Ion

A negatively charged ion (OH-).

Litmus paper

An indicator paper that turns reed in an acid and blue in a base.

Neutralize

The reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and a salt (pH 7).

Patina

A thin green coating that also coats and protects (copper oxide).

pH

Ia a measure of how much H+ is in a solution sample.

pH meter

A device used to determine the pH of a solution.

pH scale

Measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0-14

Ternary Acid

An acid composed of hydrogen (H+) and usually two other elements (NO3-); the second and third elements forming a polyatomic ion.

Universal Indicator

A solution which undergoes several color changes over a wide range of pH's (0-14)